Novel nanocarbons with a mushroom shape found in glassy carbon powder

Less-Common Nanostructures in the Forms of Vegetation

“…Gallium oxide (Ga 2 O 3 ) nanotrees, as well as nanobelts and nanotubes (depending on the temperature zone), were obtained on Si (111) substrates by thermal evaporation of gallium in an ammonia atmosphere. 31 Photoluminescence spectrum under excitation at 396 nm showed a green emission, which is probably attributed to vacancies in Ga 2 O 3 .…”

“…58 Ferromagnetic MnSb films containing nanoleaves had a width and thickness of ∼100 and 20 nm, respectively, were synthesized on Si wafers by physical vapor deposition. 59 2D and 3D carbon nanoflowers, prepared on silicon (111) substrates by plasma-enhanced CVD, using CH 4 , H 2 , and Ar as reactive gases in the presence of Fe catalyst, were formed by various nanoleaves (2D, related closely to the flux ratio of gas and the reaction pressure) or hundreds of nanofibers (3D, depended mainly on the growth temperature). 60 Cu(OH) 2 nanoleaves were converted into to 2D CuO nanoleaves (Figure 12) on a large scale by a reconstructive transformation, which consisted of the nucleation of CuO followed by a two-step oriented attachment of the CuO particles to 1D CuO nanoribbons and then to 2D CuO nanoleaves, in which hierarchical-oriented attachment is involved.…”

“…Thus, two types of nanocarbons with a mushroom shape (of a conical tip, made from helically stacked graphitic cones, and of a pyramidal tip, made from graphitic cups stacking onto each other), having ∼2 µm length and 0.5 ∼µm diameter, were found in common glassy carbon powder. 111 It was established that their diamagnetic behavior strongly depends on both the temperature and the magnetic field. A facile thermal CVD method for fabricating dense and vertically wellaligned bamboo-like CNT arrays on a Cu substrate from acetone was developed 112 resulting in mushroom-like carbon nanostructures, formed at 800 °C, and well-aligned CNTs, produced at 850 °C.…”

“…Carbon, traditionally obtained in a grand variety of nanostructures, can exist also as nanomushrooms. Thus, two types of nanocarbons with a mushroom shape (of a conical tip, made from helically stacked graphitic cones, and of a pyramidal tip, made from graphitic cups stacking onto each other), having ∼ 2 μm length and 0.5 ∼μm diameter, were found in common glassy carbon powder . It was established that their diamagnetic behavior strongly depends on both the temperature and the magnetic field.…”