Novel microwave composite casting process: Theory, feasibility and characterization

Singh, Satnam; Gupta, Dheeraj; Jain, Vivek

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.08.071

Cited by 60 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Up to date, MMCs were successfully employed in various industrial fields, such as medical (Ti-matrix) [10], aerospace (Ni-matrix) [11], aeronautics (ceramic-matrix) [12] and civil engineering (Fe matrix) [13,14]. Those applications are usually manufactured by conventional processes, like casting [15] and powder metallurgy [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective laser melting of tungsten carbide reinforced maraging steel composite

Kang

Héraud

et al. 2018

Additive Manufacturing

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In this work, tungsten carbide (WC) reinforced maraging steel matrix composites were in-situ manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) from powder mixture. The SLM processed samples presented high relative density (over 99%) with a homogenous distribution of WC. The as-fabricated surface quality of SLM processed samples was improved significantly by the addition of WC. Focused ion beam and transmission electron microscopy were employed to characterize the interfacial properties between tungsten carbide and steel matrix. The elemental analysis indicates that metallurgical bonding appears at interfacial region due to the diffusion. Tensile behavior of SLM processed maraging steel was different from their composite with several WC contents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective laser melting of tungsten carbide reinforced maraging steel composite

Kang

Héraud

et al. 2018

Additive Manufacturing

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“…18,19 Less material processing time and energy savings features associated with microwave energy make this process superior to other processes. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Gupta et al 27 successfully produced the metallic cladding on steel substrate using microwave heating route. The authors [28][29][30] extended this work in the domain of metal-ceramic-based composite clad on the metallic substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear behavior of microwave-processed Ni-WC8Co-based functionally graded materials

Kaushal¹,

Gupta

Bhowmick

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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Functionally graded materials are inhomogeneous materials with the gradual change in properties with position. In this research work, functionally graded clad layers of Ni-WC8Co-based materials with varying compositions of WC8Co from 0 to 30 wt% were processed using a cost-effective and energy-efficient microwave hybrid heating technique. Single-layer clads of compositions corresponding to different functionally graded clad layers were also developed through microwave heating for comparing different properties. The processed functionally graded clads were characterized through microstructural analysis (scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) and Vicker’s microhardness quantification. Microstructure results showed the functionally graded clad of approximately 2 mm thickness was free from any visible pores and interfacial cracks. Microwave heating resulted in the formation of hard phases in the functionally graded clad layers, and these layers exhibited significantly higher microhardness values. Further, the tribological performance of developed functionally graded clad was examined under dry sliding conditions using pin-on-disk-type tribometer. The influence of varying sliding velocities and sliding distances on the wear characteristics of microwave-processed functionally graded clads were investigated. It was observed that microwave-processed functionally graded clad exhibited approximately 95%, and 29% higher wear resistance than the SS-304 substrate and Ni + 30%WC8Co-based single-layer clad respectively owing to its better mechanical properties.

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“…In 2012, Gupta and Sharma patented the method of cladding on the metallic substrate of metallic and non-metallic powder using MHH; in which they have successfully deposited the layer of copper powder on a stainless steel substrate. 42 Later, MHH is also utilized by Singh et al 43 for Ni-based composite casting and Mishra and Sharma 44 for the in situ melting cum casting of aluminium alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of microwave heating on metallurgical and mechanical properties of Ni-40Cr₃C₂ composite clads in the context of cavitation erosion resistance characteristics

Mago

Bansal

Gupta

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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Surface modification is one of the most reliable solutions for protecting the material damage in hydraulic turbines due to cavitation phenomena. However, the conventional coating/cladding process has many drawbacks like high porosity, weak adhesion strength, and poor fracture toughness. In contrast, the cladding process with microwave hybrid heating can overcome these limitations. Hence, this study aims to develop the microwave processed composite clad of Ni-based alloy with 40% Cr3C2 (by wt.) on SS-316 substrate in the domestic microwave oven of 2.45 GHz frequency and 900 W power. The selection of the material system for this study was based on mitigating the effect of cavitation erosion. The thorough metallurgical and mechanical characterization of the developed composite clad was done. Microstructural characterization using scanning electron microscopy revealed that the developed composite clads had a uniform thickness of 600 µm and free from interfacial cracks and visible pores (measured porosity ∼1.67% – as per ASTM B276). Uniformly dispersed hexagonal and stripe type carbides precipitate in the Ni-based alloy matrix of the composite clad was observed through scanning electron microscopy images. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that various hard carbides (SiC, Ni3C, Cr3Ni2SiC, Cr7C3, and NiC) and intermetallic (Ni3Fe, Ni2Si, and Cr3Si) phases were formed during microwave heating. The microhardness, flexural strength, fracture toughness of the Ni-40Cr3C2 clads were evaluated. The results reveal that the composite clad possesses microhardness = 605 ± 80 HV0.3 (∼3 times SS-316), flexural strength = 813.23 ± 16.2 MPa, and fracture toughness = 7.44 ± 0.2 MPa√m. The appropriate value of these properties makes this composite clad suitable for cavitation erosion resistance application.

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Novel microwave composite casting process: Theory, feasibility and characterization

Cited by 60 publications

References 37 publications

Selective laser melting of tungsten carbide reinforced maraging steel composite

Selective laser melting of tungsten carbide reinforced maraging steel composite

Wear behavior of microwave-processed Ni-WC8Co-based functionally graded materials

Influence of microwave heating on metallurgical and mechanical properties of Ni-40Cr₃C₂ composite clads in the context of cavitation erosion resistance characteristics

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Novel microwave composite casting process: Theory, feasibility and characterization

Cited by 60 publications

References 37 publications

Selective laser melting of tungsten carbide reinforced maraging steel composite

Selective laser melting of tungsten carbide reinforced maraging steel composite

Wear behavior of microwave-processed Ni-WC8Co-based functionally graded materials

Influence of microwave heating on metallurgical and mechanical properties of Ni-40Cr3C2 composite clads in the context of cavitation erosion resistance characteristics

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Product

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Influence of microwave heating on metallurgical and mechanical properties of Ni-40Cr₃C₂ composite clads in the context of cavitation erosion resistance characteristics