Novel mcr-3 variant, encoding mobile colistin resistance, in an ST131 Escherichia coli isolate from bloodstream infection, Denmark, 2014

Roer, Louise; Hansen, Frank; Stegger, Marc; Sönksen, Ute Wolff; Hasman, Henrik; Hammerum, Anette M.

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.31.30584

Cited by 65 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Our study has shown that the mcr-1 , mcr-2 and mcr-3 occurred widely in pigs and poultry from China (Table 1, Tables S1–S5). The prevalences we found were considerably higher than those previously reported in China and elsewhere in the world 3–26,29,30 which were based on the presence of the mcr in bacterial isolates. Bacterial isolation, however, is cumbersome, costly, and time-consuming, and it is also selective in that samples must be appropriately collected, transported and stored to maximize the number of viable bacteria with the mcr that can be selectively cultured.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…coli in China 23 and later shown to be present in bacteria isolated from humans from Denmark, chickens from China, cattle from Spain 19,20,24–26 , and flies in China 31 . Our findings indicate that the gene is quite widespread, as we found it in samples from pigs and poultry from many provinces in China, albeit at low prevalence in some cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the usefulness of colistin as a last resort antimicrobial is now compromised by the presence of an increasing number of mobile colistin resistance genes ( mcr ). To date, five different mcr and their variants have been described, mainly mcr-1 (11 variants) 3–21 , mcr-2 (three variants) 11–18,21,22 , mcr-3 (ten variants) 19,20,23–26 , mcr-4 27 and mcr-5 28 . The mcr-1 , mcr-2 and mcr-3 were originally described on plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae but have recently been identified on the chromosomes of Moraxella spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular detection of colistin resistance genes (mcr-1, mcr-2 and mcr-3) in nasal/oropharyngeal and anal/cloacal swabs from pigs and poultry

Zhang

Chen

Wang

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Antimicrobial resistance against colistin has emerged worldwide and is threatening the efficacy of colistin treatment of multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, PCRs were used to detect mcr genes (mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3) in 213 anal and 1,339 nasal swabs from pigs (n = 1,454) in nine provinces of China, and 1,696 cloacal and 1,647 oropharyngeal samples from poultry (n = 1,836) at live-bird markets in 24 provinces. The mcr-1 prevalences in pigs (79.2%) and geese (71.7%) were significantly higher than in chickens (31.8%), ducks (34.6%) and pigeons (13.1%). The mcr-2 prevalence in pigs was 56.3%, significantly higher than in chickens (5.5%), ducks (2.3%), geese (5.5%) and pigeons (0%). The mcr-3 prevalences in pigs (18.7%), ducks (13.8%) and geese (11.9%) were significantly higher than in chickens (5.2%) and pigeons (5.1%). In total, 173 pigs and three chickens were positive for all three mcr genes. The prevalences of the mcr were significantly higher in nasal/oropharyngeal swabs than in the anal /cloacal swabs. Phylogenetic studies identified 33 new mcr-2 variants and 12 new mcr-3 variants. This study demonstrates high prevalences of mcr in pigs and poultry in China, and indicates there is need for more thorough surveillance and control programs to prevent further selection of colistin resistance.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular detection of colistin resistance genes (mcr-1, mcr-2 and mcr-3) in nasal/oropharyngeal and anal/cloacal swabs from pigs and poultry

Zhang

Chen

Wang

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…The majority of resistance to 3GCs in pathogenic E. coli can be attributed to the beta-lactamase Cefotaxime-Munich (bla CTX-M ) family of resistance genes (Livermore and Hawkey, 2005), with the remainder accounted for by the bla TEM and bla OXA families. The bla CTX-M mediated ESBL resistance is frequently recorded in ExPEC strains of E. coli and is particularly associated with the ST131 lineage (Roer et al, 2017, Harris et al, 2018. Group 9 bla CTX-M variants are present on mobile genetic elements within E. coli ST131, with bla CTX-M-27 being responsible for upwards of 10% of ESBL resistance in clinical urological E. coli infections (Ghosh et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterisation of a large antibiotic resistant environmental ST131E. coliplasmid using a long read hybrid assembly approach

James

Rangama

Clark

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Escherichia coli Strain Type 131 are a globally disseminated environmental E. coli that has been linked to the capture and spread of plasmid mediated bla CTX-M type extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs). Accurately identifying such resistance genes in their wider genetic context provides a greater understanding of the mechanisms of selection and persistence in the environment. In this study we use a novel DNA extraction and enrichment method in combination with a custom longread scaffold hybrid-assembly and polishing pipe line to identify the genetic context of the plasmid borne bla CTX-M gene previously identified in an ST131 environmental E. coli isolate. This has allowed us to discern the complete structure of a ~100kb environmental plasmid and further resolve the bla CTX-M variant to the group 9 bla CTX-M-27 gene . The upstream IS26 insertion element associated with the global capture and dissemination of bla CTX-M-15 was also identified in proximity to bla . Furthermore, the lack of conjugative machinery identified on this plasmid, in combination with a toxin-antitoxin and plasmid partitioning system, indicates a mechanism of vertical transmission to maintain persistence in a population.

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“…Sporadic findings of mcr‐1 carrying isolates have previously been reported from three other Nordic countries, namely Sweden, Norway and Denmark . After the first wave of mcr‐1 reports, several countries including Denmark from the Nordic countries, have identified isolates carrying new gene variants of mcr gene (currently mcr‐1 to mcr‐5 ) . In Finland, the overall antimicrobial resistance level has remained relatively low, and use of colistin is reserved for only very rare clinical indications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The first human report of mobile colistin resistance gene, mcr‐1, in Finland

Gröndahl-Yli-Hannuksela

Lönnqvist

Kallonen

et al. 2018

APMIS

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Colistin resistance mediated by mobile mcr-1 gene has raised concern during the last years. After steep increase in mcr-1 reports, other mcr-gene variants (mcr-2 to mcr-5) have been revealed as well. In 2016, a clinical study was conducted on asymptomatic stool carriage of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among Finnish adults. All suspected ESBL producing bacterial isolates were first tested by phenotypic ESBL-confirmation methods, and then further analyzed with whole genome sequencing to identify the resistance genes. We found one study subject carrying a colistin resistant E. coli with a transferrable mcr-1 gene. This multi-drug resistant isolate, although initially suspected to be an ESBL producer, did not carry any ESBL genes, but was proven to carry several other resistance genes by using whole genome sequencing. Sequence type was ST93. The mcr-1 gene was connected to IncX4 plasmid which suggests that the colistin resistance gene locates in the respective plasmid. Here, we report the finding of a mcr-1 harboring human E. coli isolate from Finland. Clinical antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates are low in Finland, and mobile colistin resistance has not been reported previously. This highlights the importance of AMR surveillance also in populations with low levels of resistance.

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Novel mcr-3 variant, encoding mobile colistin resistance, in an ST131 Escherichia coli isolate from bloodstream infection, Denmark, 2014

Cited by 65 publications

References 13 publications

Molecular detection of colistin resistance genes (mcr-1, mcr-2 and mcr-3) in nasal/oropharyngeal and anal/cloacal swabs from pigs and poultry

Molecular detection of colistin resistance genes (mcr-1, mcr-2 and mcr-3) in nasal/oropharyngeal and anal/cloacal swabs from pigs and poultry

Genetic characterisation of a large antibiotic resistant environmental ST131E. coliplasmid using a long read hybrid assembly approach

The first human report of mobile colistin resistance gene, mcr‐1, in Finland

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