Novel Intraperitoneal Treatment With Non-Thermal Plasma-Activated Medium Inhibits Metastatic Potential of Ovarian Cancer Cells

Abstract

Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma has been proposed as a new therapeutic tool for cancer treatment. Recently, plasma-activated medium (PAM) has been widely studied in various cancer types. However, there are only few reports demonstrating the anti-tumour effects of PAM in an animal model reflecting pathological conditions and the accompanying mechanism. Here we investigated the inhibitory effect of PAM on the metastasis of ovarian cancer ES2 cells in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that ES2 cell migration, invasion and adhesion were suppressed by PAM at a certain PAM dilution ratio, whereas cell viability remained unaffected. In an in vivo mouse model of intraperitoneal metastasis, PAM inhibited peritoneal dissemination of ES2 cells, resulting in prolonged survival. Moreover, we assessed the molecular mechanism and found that MMP-9 was decreased by PAM. On further investigation, we also found that PAM prevented the activation of the MAPK pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK. These findings indicate that PAM inhibits the metastasis of ovarian cancer cells through reduction of MMP-9 secretion, which is critical for cancer cell motility. Our findings suggest that PAM intraperitoneal therapy may be a promising treatment option for ovarian cancer.

Oridonin inhibits migration, invasion, adhesion and TGF‑β1‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of melanoma cells by inhibiting the activity of PI3K/Akt/GSK‑3β signaling pathway

“…The melanoma cells proliferation was slightly affected by ORI at concentrations 5 and 10 µM for a 48-h treatment, which is long enough for the subsequent motility properties assays. The anti-proliferation effect of one compound have relationship with many factors including the types of cells, the sensitivity of cells, the density of cells seeded in the plates, the time of the treatment and the reagents concentration used in the assay etc (45,46). Our data showed that the viability of A375 and B16-F10 melanoma cells were not allergic to ORI's treatment compared with other cancer cell lines (47,48).…”

Application of plasma jet to the inhibition of the proliferation of hepatic malignant cells via reactive oxygen species generation

“…It has been shown in the literature that PAM can suppress cancer growth . So as to examine whether the PAM generated by the proposed tool was antiproliferative, the PAM effect on hepatic malignant was compared with that on normal human bone marrow cells (hBM).…”

“…The in vivo studies also asserted the potential applications of the PAM prepared by plasma jet in anti‐cancer therapies . Intraperitoneal injection of the PAM was reported to inhibit metastasis of ovarian cells . PAM effectively treated endometrioid carcinoma of mice, showing a significant reduction of tumor volume .…”

“…The PAM triggers the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in malignant cells, which are believed to induce cell deaths . The in vivo studies also asserted the potential applications of the PAM prepared by plasma jet in anti‐cancer therapies . Intraperitoneal injection of the PAM was reported to inhibit metastasis of ovarian cells .…”

Plasma Treatment of Ovarian Cancer Cells Mitigates Their Immuno-Modulatory Products Active on THP-1 Monocytes

“…Over the last two decades, potential applications have extended from eradicating microorganisms during wound healing to inactivating tumor cells [2]. Today, effective killing of the latter has been demonstrated for different types of cancers including head and neck [3][4][5], leukemia [6][7][8], glioblastoma [9][10][11], pancreas [12][13][14], malignant melanoma [15][16][17], colon [18][19][20], prostate [21][22][23], osteosarcoma [24][25][26], and ovarian [27][28][29]. It has been established the ROS/RNS are the main drivers of antitumor plasma effects [30][31][32].…”