Novel Insights into miR-944 in Cancer

Abstract

miRNA is a class of endogenous short-chain non-coding RNAs consisting of about 22 nucleotides. miR-944 is located in the fourth intron of the TP63 gene in the 3q28 region. miR-944 is abnormally expressed in cancers in multiple systems including neural, endocrine, respiratory, reproductive, and digestive systems. miR-944 can target at least 27 protein-coding genes. miR-944 can regulate a series of cell behaviors, such as cell cycle, proliferation, invasion and migration, EMT, apoptosis, etc. miR-944 participates in the networks of 11 ceRNAs, including six circRNAs and five lncRNAs. miR-944 is involved in three signaling pathways. The abnormal expression of miR-944 is closely related to the clinicopathological conditions of various cancer patients. Deregulated expression of miR-944 is significantly associated with clinicopathology and prognosis in cancer patients. In addition, miR-944 is also associated with the development of DDP, RAPA, DOX, and PTX resistance in cancer cells. miR-944 is involved in the anticancer molecular mechanisms of matrine and Rhenium-liposome drugs. In conclusion, this work systematically summarizes the related findings of miR-944, which will provide potential hints for follow-up research on miR-944.

Metformin Improves Ovarian Cancer Sensitivity to Paclitaxel and Platinum-Based Drugs: A Review of In Vitro Findings

“…Different from lncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) are smaller (16–30 nucleotides) noncoding RNAs that can regulate gene expression by targeting specific 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR) of target mRNA. Both lncRNAs and miRNAs regulate important cell processes and have been used as markers in many cancerous and non-cancerous diseases [ 36 , 37 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Importantly, these two types of noncoding RNAs are not independent of each other, but there is a cross-talk in the regulation of their expression that allows lncRNAs to regulate miRNA expression and vice versa [ 40 ].…”

Endocrine disruption of early uterine differentiation causes adenocarcinoma mediated by Wnt/β-catenin- and PI3K/AKT signaling

“…Recently, WNT3A-mediated activation of PI3K was demonstrated in colorectal cancer cells 69 . Additional connections between these pathways could be mediated by noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs or long noncoding RNAs 70 . Finally, stromal inflammation-and oxidative stress-induced genotoxicity and cell proliferation may promote cancer development through activation of NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling in epithelial cells 71,72 .…”

The Role of microRNAs in Arsenic-Induced Human Diseases: A Review

“…Finally, the active complex interacts with the 3′-UTR of target mRNA through complementary pairing of base pairings, causing translational repression or RNA degradation (Figure 1A). 83−85 Through this process, miRNAs were involved in a series of cellular processes, including apoptosis, 4−6 oxidative stress, 7 cell proliferation, 8,9 inflammation, 10,11 hematopoiesis, 4,12 and tumorigenesis. 13,14 Recent studies revealed that miRNAs not only have an intracellular function but also stably exist in biological fluids such as saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, serum, gingival fluid, and urine.…”

“…A particular miRNA can target various mRNAs to induce translational repression or RNA degradation, and one mRNA can be regulated by multiple different miRNAs . By modulating gene expression at the post-translational level, miRNAs play a critical role in a series of cellular processes, including apoptosis, − oxidative stress, cell proliferation, , inflammation, , hematopoiesis, , and tumorigenesis. , Importantly, miRNAs not only have an intracellular function but also stably exist in biological fluids such as saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, serum, gingival fluid, and urine. − Therefore, circulating miRNAs are considered biomarkers of disease and can regulate gene expression in distal cells or organs. ,, …”