Novel High Voltage Vacuum Surface Flashover Insulator Technology

Elizondo, J.M.

doi:10.1109/ppc.1993.513326

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The first model, developed by J.M. Elizondo and his collaborators, relies on physical interception of avalanching electrons by the HGI metal layers [20]. In this model, the maximum thickness of the dielectric layers must be less than the expected electron range, so that electrons are intercepted by a metal layer before they can collide with the dielectric and produce secondaries.…”

Section: Theories Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To intercept electrons launched with nonzero initial angles, the metal layers may protrude to form "fins," with their height above the dielectric surface determined by the expected maximum height of the electron trajectories [21]. Additional design criteria may include considerations of the pulse length and expected residue gasses in the system [20], generation of photoelectrons by photons produced in streamer tips [21], and the maximum capacity of the HGI structure to absorb charge before failure [21] or re-emission [22].…”

Section: Theories Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HGIs designed following these guidelines have dielectric layers which are on the order of 500μm thick [20], interspersed with much thinner metal layers that protrude beyond the dielectric; to date, most HGIs have been fabricated more or less along these lines. Experience has shown that, in addition to being difficult to fabricate and maintain, HGIs with protruding vanes did not perform much differently than those without protruding vanes [23], and so most recently-built HGIs have used metal layers that are nominally flush with the dielectric surface.…”

Section: Theories Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multilayer High-Gradient Insulators

Harris

2006

2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum

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High voltage systems operated in vacuum require insulating materials to maintain spacing between conductors held at different potentials, and may be used to maintain a nonconductive vacuum boundary. Traditional vacuum insulators generally consist of a single material, but insulating structures composed of alternating layers of dielectric and metal can also be built.These "High-Gradient Insulators" have been experimentally shown to withstand higher voltage gradients than comparable conventional insulators. As a result, they have application to a wide range of highvoltage vacuum systems where compact size is important. This paper describes ongoing research on these structures, as well as the current theoretical understanding driving this work.

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Section: Theories Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theories Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theories Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multilayer High-Gradient Insulators

Harris

2006

2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum

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“…This type of insulator is thought to somehow disrupt or suppress the secondary electron avalanche process, allowing it to operate at higher electrical stress levels than conventional insulators [5]. There is interest in this type of insulator for particle accelerator applications because it could possibly enable higher field gradients and also be in close proximity to the beam line, which has advantages for power flow impedance matching and suppression of beam-breakup instabilities [6].…”

Section: Introduction/backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Improving High Voltage Vacuum Insulators for Microsecond Pulses

Javedani¹,

Goerz²,

Houck³

et al. 2007

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“…We have expanded on the initial work [2], and fi.nther studied and developed this component over the past several years [3,4]. For short pulse systems, these structures have withstood 20 MV/m gradients in the presence of a plasma cathode and a 1 kA electron beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced accelerator theory development

Sampayan¹,

Houck²,

Poole³

et al. 1998

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A new accelerator technology, the dielectric wall accelerator (DWA), is potentially an ultra compact accelerator/pulsed power driver. This new accelerator relies on three new components: the ultra-high gradient insulator, the asymmetric BlurnleiU and low jitter switches. In this report, we focused our attention on the first two components of the DWA system the insulators and the asymmetric Bhunlein. First, we sought to develop the necessary design tools to model and scale the behavior of the high gra&ent insulator. To perform this taslq we concentrated on modeling the discharge processes (i.e., initiation and creation of the surface discharge). In additio~because these high gradient structures exhibit favorable microwave properties in certain accelerator configurations, we pefiormed experiments and calculations to determine the relevant electromagnetic properties. Second, we performed circuit modeling to understand energy coupling to dynamic loads by the asymmetric Blumlein. Further, we have experimentally observed a non-linear coupling effect in certain asymmetric Blumlein configurations. That is, as these structures are stacked into a complete module, the output voltage does not sum linearly and a lower than expected output voltage results. Although we solved this effect experimentally, we performed calculations to understand this effect more filly to allow better optimization of this DWA pulse-forming line system. A new accelerator technology, the dielectric wall accelerator (DWA), is potentially an ultra compact accelerator/pulsed power driver [1]. Because of its compact size (which translates into lower cost), it has potential applications in several defase missions and in the commercial sector. It utilizes three principal components to achieve a high gradient in a compact structure. These components include the insulator, the asymmetric Blumlei% and the switches.A primary component that limits the acceleration gradient in the DWA is the vacuum insulator. We have expanded on the initial work [2], and fi.nther studied and developed this component over the past several years [3,4]. For short pulse systems, these structures have withstood 20 MV/m gradients in the presence of a plasma cathode and a 1 kA electron beam.The asymmetric Bhnnlein is a novel method for generating a f~electrical pulse in a single step process (F&ure 1). The system consists of a stacked series of these circular modules and generates a high voltage when switched. Each Blurnlein is composed of two dielectric layers with differing permittivities. On each surface and between the dielectric layers are conductors that form two parallel plate radial transmission lines. The lower permittivity side of the structure is referred to as the slow line. The higher permittivity side of the structure is referred to as the fiist line.Operation of the Blumlein is as follows. The center electrode between the f~and slow line is initially charged to a high potential. Because the two lines have opposite polarities, there is no net voltage across the i...

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Novel High Voltage Vacuum Surface Flashover Insulator Technology

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Multilayer High-Gradient Insulators

Multilayer High-Gradient Insulators

Understanding and Improving High Voltage Vacuum Insulators for Microsecond Pulses

Advanced accelerator theory development

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