Novel ETX-Based Metrics for Overhead Reduction in Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks

Jevtić, Nenad; Malnar, Marija

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2936191

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…We also use the Expected Transmission Count (ETX) metric to optimize the routing selection. The ETX metric can be defined as the expected number of transmissions required to deliver a packet over a given link [49]. This metric calculates the weight of a given route by using the sum of all ETX weights.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SDToW: A Slowloris Detecting Tool for WMNs

et al. 2020

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Denial of service (DoS) attacks play a significant role in contemporary cyberspace scenarios. A variety of different DoS attacks pollute networks by exploring various vulnerabilities. A group of DoS called application DoS attacks explore application vulnerabilities. This work presents a tool that detects and blocks an application DoS called Slowloris on wireless mesh networks (WMNs). Our tool, called SDToW, is designed to effectively use the structure of the WMNs to block the Slowloris attack. SDToW uses three different modules to detect and block the attack. Each module has its specific tasks and thus optimizes the overall detection and block efficiency. Our solution blocks the attacker on its first WMN hop, reducing the malicious traffic on the network and avoiding further attacks from the blocked user. The comparison results show that SDToW performs with 66.7% less processing consumption and 89.1% less memory consumption than Snort. Our solution does not limit the number of parallel connections per user. Hence, by avoiding this limitation, SDToW has a lower incidence of false positive errors than Snort.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SDToW: A Slowloris Detecting Tool for WMNs

et al. 2020

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“…As a result, methods that use energy consumption to measure the traffic condition of the network, such as ETE [42] and FF-AOMDV, are not accurate and do not achieve high performance in VANETs. Moreover, using other methods that rely on successful data delivery probabilities, such as the ETX method, would impose high overhead on the network in terms of sending an excessive amount of link probe packets (LPP) [43]. This, in turn, would add more traffic load to the network, which causes traffic problems such as data packet congestion.…”

Section: Routing Protocol Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Transport System Using Time Delay-Based Multipath Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Ghaemi

El-Ocla

Yadav

et al. 2021

Sensors

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During the last decade, the research on Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has improved exponentially in real-life scenarios to provide optimized transport network performance. It is a matter of importance that alert messages are delivered promptly to prevent vehicular traffic problems. The fact is an ITS system per se could be a part of a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) which is an extension of a wireless network. In all sorts of wireless ad hoc networks, the network topology is subjected to change due to the mobility of network nodes; therefore, an existing explored route between two nodes could be demolished in a minor fraction of time. When it comes to the VANETs, the topology likely changes due to the high velocity of nodes. On the other hand, time is a crucial factor playing an important role in message handling between the network’s nodes. In this paper, we propose Time delay-based Multipath Routing (TMR) protocol that effectively identifies an optimized path for packet delivery to the destination vehicle with a minimal time delay. Our algorithm gives a higher priority to alert messages compared to normal messages. It also selects the routes with the short round-trip time (RTT) within the RTT threshold. As a result, our algorithm would realize two goals. Firstly, it would speed up the data transmission rate and deliver data packets, particularly warning messages, to the destination vehicle promptly and therefore avoid vehicular problems such as car accidents. Secondly, the TMR algorithm reduces the data traffic load, particularly of the normal messages, to alleviate the pressure on the network and therefore avoids network congestion and data collisions. This, in turn, lessens the packets’ retransmissions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocol, the TMR has been compared with the other protocols such as AOMDV, FF-AOMDV, EGSR, QMR, and ISR. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed protocol proves its excellent performance compared to other protocols.

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“…However, packet drop rate and energy consumption rate are high. In [22], expected transmission count (ETX) metric is used as one of the metrics to evaluate routing overhead. Through this metric, light ETX, light reverse ETX, and power light reverse ETX that minimizes routing overhead and also improves other ad-hoc network performances.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of BDAG Aided Blockchain Technology in Clustered Mobile Ad-Hoc Network for Secure Data Transmission

Harikrishnan¹,

Balasubaramanian²

2021

IJACSA

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In mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) environment, routing of data packets is a challenging task due to rapid changes in mobility and network topology. In addition, the security aspect of routing is disturbed by attacks caused by malicious nodes. These attacks greatly affect the Quality of Service. To overcome the challenges faced in routing message packets, the Bayesian Directed Acyclic Graph (B DAG) Aided Blockchain model is proposed for clustered MANET environment. The proposed model encompasses the following processes: (i) Multi factor authentication of users by using BLISS algorithm. This step involves acquisition of user credentials and generates hash values for those credentials using Cube Hash algorithm. These hash values are further used to generate public and private keys by BLISS algorithm, (ii) Weighted sum computation for clustering to reduce complexity in the MANET environment. Cluster head (CH) and cluster member (CM) are classified based on energy status, geometric distance, link quality and direction, (iii) A secure AODV based routing protocol using Dolphin Swarm Optimization (DSO) algorithm. This step involves selection of reputed node based on link stability, relative velocity, available bandwidth, energy, queue length, and trust. The packet forwarding is based on the reputation value of the node, by which the trust provided by malicious nodes are eliminated to improve security and (iv) Bayesian DAG aided blockchain, in which the user authenticity, data integrity of packets and signature are verified to mitigate the routing attacks created by nodes in the MANET environment. The proposed model is experimented in NS 3.26 network simulator tool and its performance in terms of multiple QoS metrics is evaluated.

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Novel ETX-Based Metrics for Overhead Reduction in Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

SDToW: A Slowloris Detecting Tool for WMNs

SDToW: A Slowloris Detecting Tool for WMNs

Intelligent Transport System Using Time Delay-Based Multipath Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Performance Evaluation of BDAG Aided Blockchain Technology in Clustered Mobile Ad-Hoc Network for Secure Data Transmission

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