Novel epoxidized natural rubber toughened polyamide 6/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposites

Sharif, Noor Fadzliana Ahmad; Mohamad, Zurina; Hassan, Azman; Wahit, Mat Uzir

doi:10.1007/s10965-011-9749-5

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A similar trend is also observed with HNT C. As an example, the value of Young's modulus for PA11/HC5 increases by 20%, while its impact strength decreases by almost 44% compared to that of neat PA11. All these results are consistent with those reported in the literature [1,18,[46][47][48], which are attributed to the reinforcing effect of the clay filler. The enhancement of the tensile strength of the PA11 nanocomposite samples could be due to the intrinsic stiffness of the individually dispersed halloysite nanotubes [18] and also to some affinity between PA11 and HNTs.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Tribological and mechanical properties of polyamide-11/halloysite nanotube nanocomposites

Sahnoune

Kaci

Taguet

et al. 2018

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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AbstractThis article reports some morphological, tribological, and mechanical data on polyamide-11(PA11)/halloysite nanotube (HNT) nanocomposites prepared by melt-compounding. HNTs extracted from the Djebel Debbagh deposit in Algeria were incorporated into the polymer at 1, 3, and 5 wt%. For comparison, commercial HNTs were also used under the same processing conditions. Scanning electron microscopy showed that both HNTs were homogeneously dispersed in the PA11 matrix, despite the presence of few aggregates, in particular at higher filler contents. The tribological properties were significantly improved, resulting in a decrease in the friction coefficient and the wear rate characteristics due to the lubricating effect of HNTs. This is consistent with optical profilometry data, which evidenced the impact of both types of HNTs on the surface topography of the nanocomposite samples, in which the main wear process was plastic deformation. Furthermore, Young’s modulus and tensile strength were observed to increase with the filler content, but to the detriment of elongation at break and impact strength. Regarding the whole data, the raw Algerian halloysite led to interesting results in PA11 nanocomposites, thus revealing its potential in polymer engineering nanotechnology.

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Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Tribological and mechanical properties of polyamide-11/halloysite nanotube nanocomposites

Sahnoune

Kaci

Taguet

et al. 2018

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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“…In particular, ENR is still able to generate strain‐induced crystallization up to a 50 mol % epoxidation level . However, compared with its native natural rubber counterpart, ENR exhibits various additional advantages, such as a good oil resistance, low gas permeability, good adhesive ability, and enhanced compatibility . In addition, the epoxy groups of ENR are randomly distributed along the polymer backbone and can readily react with many nucleophilic reagents for further modification or crosslinking .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 However, compared with its native natural rubber counterpart, ENR exhibits various additional advantages, such as a good oil resistance, 2 low gas permeability, 3 good adhesive ability, and enhanced compatibility. 4,5 In addition, the epoxy groups of ENR are randomly distributed along the polymer backbone and can readily react with many nucleophilic reagents for further modification or crosslinking. [6][7][8][9] Previous studies have shown that ENR can be crosslinked by difunctional or multifunctional amines or acids via the ring opening of the epoxy groups in the presence of catalysts (phenol or bisphenol A for amines and imidazole for acids).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐crosslinkable lignin/epoxidized natural rubber composites

Jiang

Yao

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Self-crosslinkable lignin/epoxidized natural rubber composites (SLEs) were prepared through a high-temperature dynamic heat treatment procedure followed by a postcuring process. Because of the ring-opening reaction between lignin and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), lignin as a crosslinker and reinforcing filler was uniformly dispersed into the ENR matrix and was highly compatible with the polymer matrix; this was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The curing behavior, mechanical properties, and dynamic mechanical properties of the SLEs were studied. The results show that the crosslinking degree, glass-transition temperature, modulus, and tensile properties of the SLEs substantially increased with the addition of lignin. A physical model was used to verify the strong interactions between lignin and ENR. Stress-strain curves and X-ray diffraction suggested that the reinforcement effect on the SLEs mainly originated from lignin itself rather than from strain-induced crystallization.

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“…The addition of a hard rigid filler considerably decreased the impact strength as the filler that was dispersed in the polymer matrix acted as stress concentrator. Sharif et al . reported that the impact strength of the PA6/halloysite nanotube (HNT) nanocomposites blend increased up to 300% with the addition of 20 wt % ENR‐50 as compared to that of the PA6/HNT nanocomposites alone.…”

Section: Enr As An Impact Modifier In Thermoplasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of epoxidized natural rubber as a toughening agent in plastics

Tanjung

Hassan

Hasan

2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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At present, the rubber toughening of plastics has become an attractive field of study in polymer science and technology because brittleness is known to be a drawback in many engineering plastics; it can cause premature failure during application. Among existing rubber materials, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) has been widely used as an impact modifier or toughening agent in a large number of engineering plastics; in particular, it enhances the impact strength, which deteriorates with the incorporation of other additives, such as fillers and flame retardants. ENR is a modification product from natural rubber produced via an epoxidation reaction. ENR also has good chemical resistance. In this review, we aim to provide a concise current status in the field of ENR toughening agents for plastics with a brief discussion of their associated problems and potential applications.

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Novel epoxidized natural rubber toughened polyamide 6/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposites

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Tribological and mechanical properties of polyamide-11/halloysite nanotube nanocomposites

Tribological and mechanical properties of polyamide-11/halloysite nanotube nanocomposites

Self‐crosslinkable lignin/epoxidized natural rubber composites

Use of epoxidized natural rubber as a toughening agent in plastics

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