Novel Biomarkers of Coronary Microvascular Disease

Abstract

Coronary microvascular disease in the absence of myocardial diseases has traditionally been diagnosed through coronary reactivity testing in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. Compared with invasive procedures, blood-based biomarkers may have reduced cost, less risk of physical harm and greater accessibility, making them ideal for an outpatient management strategy. There are a variety of biomarkers available with potential utility in the management of microvascular disease; however, none have yet been extensively validated or established in this clinical patient population.

Sex-Specific Aspects in the Pathophysiology and Imaging of Coronary Macro- and Microvascular Disease

“…To gain more insight into the pathophysiology and treatment of patients with non-obstructive CAD, easily accessible and low risk diagnostics are needed to identify patients with CMD. Both non-invasive imaging techniques and blood-based biomarkers may provide future diagnostics for CMD [66].…”

“…Biomarkers can be used to both improve risk stratification for and diagnosis of patients with CAD, possibly reducing the need for imaging in these patients. Several different markers of vascular inflammation, oxidative stress, and some others have been proposed as possible biomarkers for CMD, but have not been established or validated yet [66].…”

The association of 18F-FDG PET/CT and biomarkers in confirming coronary microvascular dysfunction

“…Hung et al [ 7 ] in their study reported that, in healthy adults, an appropriate CFR cutoff value is over 3. Different biomarkers have been implicated in relation to the pathogenesis of coronary microvascular dysfunction namely CRP, LDL, HDL, BNP, troponin, red cell redistribution width etc.…”

“…Different biomarkers have been implicated in relation to the pathogenesis of coronary microvascular dysfunction namely CRP, LDL, HDL, BNP, troponin, red cell redistribution width etc. [ 7 ]. Inflammation and immune dysregulation play a pivotal role in endothelial dysfunction and CAD pathogenesis.…”

“…Inflammation and immune dysregulation play a pivotal role in endothelial dysfunction and CAD pathogenesis. Previous data have also documented the use of biomarkers in coronary microvascular disease [ 7 ]. The aim of this current study is to review and assess the value of F-FDG PET/CT combined with biomarkers in the diagnosis of CMVD.…”