Novel algorithm including CA-125, HE4 and body mass index in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer

Cyclooxygenase-2 and β-Catenin as Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers in Endometrial Cancer

“…Comparisons of more than two groups: ANOVA analysis or non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H tests. Chi-square test was used to compare rates (25). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves using to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers in diagnosis.…”

“…Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves using to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers in diagnosis. Spearman's and Pearson's correlation coefficients and logistic regression model were estimated to determine correlation (25). Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods were used to illustrate Progression Free Survival (PFS) and the relative risk (RR) for patients with normal biomarkers levels vs. elevated biomarkers levels.…”

“…Curettage and pathohistological examinations are still regarded as the gold standard for EC diagnosis due to the absence of noninvasive biomarkers for predicting the presence and extent of the disease (25). Surgery and chemotherapy or radiotherapy after surgery remain the major treatment options for EC.…”

“…However, the number of studies on the exploration of biomarkers that could help early diagnosis and predict the prognosis of patients with EC is still limited. Although there have been several studies in EC patients examining serum indices, such as cancer antigen 125 (CA125), human epididymis protein (HE4), and VEGF (25,(31)(32)(33), their reliability and repeatability still lack consensus.…”

“…All participants gave their informed consent before being involved in the study. Histopathological results were evaluated by two independent gynecological pathologists (25). In each case, clinical information, such as age, presence of hypertension, BMI, and type 2 diabetes were collected, and image characteristics and pathological information were also obtained.…”