Nothing to Fear But Fear Itself: Fear of Fear, Fear of Greed and Gender Effects in Two-Person Asymmetric Social Dilemmas

Gender differences in cooperation with group membership

“…We find little difference in the overall cooperation rates for males and females, replicating the result in the literature (Simpson, 2003;Kuwabara, 2005) that there are no differences in cooperation rates across genders. Nevertheless, we observe large and significant differences in the patterns in behavior across gender depending on whether one is playing at home or away.…”

“…Gender differences in social dilemmas have been analyzed experimentally (e.g., Simpson (2003), Kuwabara (2005). Rapoport and Chammah (1965) examine gender differences in the Prisoner's Dilemma, and the literature is surveyed in Ledyard (1995)).…”

A Structural Social Psychological View of Gender Differences in Cooperation

“…There have been some efforts to try to estimate whether men or women are more cooperative and how the context might change this (Gneezy et al 2003;Kuwabara 2005;Sell et al 1993;Sell 1997;Simpson 2003). As we discuss below, these efforts have varied in their approaches.…”

“…As pointed out in Gneezy, Niederle and Rustichini (2003), Simpson (2003), Sell (1997), and Kuwabara (2005), studies in cooperation have produced confusingly mixed results. To illustrate, using only social dilemma studies, Stockard, van de Kragt, and Dodge (1988) examined 66 nine person dilemmas and 64 seven-person one-decision social dilemmas and found that, overall, women were slightly more cooperative than men.…”

When is the risk of cooperation worth taking? The prisoner’s dilemma as a game of multiple motives

“…Yet the dependent variable is not choices, but statements about causal attribution. (Simpson 2003aaauthor-year); Kuwabara (2005) compare (between subjects) the prisoner's dilemma with games that arguably only invite fear, greed or the "fear of greed", to show that women are less greedy, but suffer more from the fear of greed.…”