Nosocomial outbreak of neonatal Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis meningitis in a rural hospital in northern Tanzania

Vaagland, Hogne; Blomberg, Björn; Krüger, Carsten; Naman, Naftali; Jureen, Roland; Langeland, Nina

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-4-35

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…20 Salmonella Enteritidis PFGE has been used in epidemiological studies of sporadic, large salmonellosis and nosocomial outbreaks caused by this serotype, and it had revealed the same pattern regarding the isolates involved and confirmed the vehicle of infection. 1,2,9,24 Even though it has been suggested that PFGE has a limited value in epidemiological analysis due to the fact of the high genetic homogeneity among strains of this serotype, 23 our study found a considerable DNA level homogeneity among S. enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates. We obtained 17 patterns, S. En0001 being the predominant one with permanent circulation in the city and in all institutions that submitted isolates.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Molecular Analysis ofSalmonellaEnteritidis and Typhimurium Clinical and Food Isolates by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in Bogotá, Colombia

Wiesner

Hidalgo²,

Castañeda³

et al. 2006

Microbial Drug Resistance

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In 1997, the Microbiology Group of the Colombian Instituto Nacional de Salud set up a surveillance program with the National Public Health Laboratories to monitor the principal etiological agents responsible for acute diarrheal disease. The main goal of this study was to determine the XbaI DNA digestion patterns of clinical and food Salmonella spp. isolates recovered in Bogotá from 1997 to 2002, and related them to the susceptibility patterns to antimicrobial agents. Two hundred and twenty-four Salmonella spp. isolates were studied, 153 (63%) S. Enteritidis and 71 (37%) S. Typhimurium. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was done using the XbaI restriction enzyme and Salmonella Braenderup H9812 as the molecular weight marker. For S. Enteritidis, pattern S. En0001 was found to be prevalent in 127 (83%) isolates, 78 (61%) susceptible to the antimicrobial agents tested. For S. Typhimurium, pattern S. Typ0001 was predominant in 18 (25%) isolates with different antimicrobial resistance profiles. Patterns S. En0001 and S. Typ0001 prevailed monthly during the 6 years of the study. Data collected demonstrate that there was a dominant pattern of S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium circulating in clinical and food isolates in Bogotá, Colombia.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Molecular Analysis ofSalmonellaEnteritidis and Typhimurium Clinical and Food Isolates by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in Bogotá, Colombia

Wiesner

Hidalgo²,

Castañeda³

et al. 2006

Microbial Drug Resistance

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“…These observations could be part of the explanation for the high rates of nosocomial infections, where antibiotics are abundantly used. In fact, nosocomial Salmonella enterica infections, particularly with multidrug-resistant strains, are a concern in developing countries (22,42) and occasionally even happen in developed countries (18,33). Although our findings cannot be indiscriminately extrapolated to all diseases where microbiota imbalance has been implicated in the etiology, they show that, at least in infectious colitis, microbial imbalance precedes the onset of pathology rather than being the result of it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Antibiotic-Induced Perturbations of the Intestinal Microbiota Alter Host Susceptibility to Enteric Infection

et al. 2008

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Intestinal microbiota comprises microbial communities that reside in the gastrointestinal tract and are critical to normal host physiology. Understanding the microbiota's role in host response to invading pathogens will further advance our knowledge of host-microbe interactions. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was used as a model enteric pathogen to investigate the effect of intestinal microbiota perturbation on host susceptibility to infection. Antibiotics were used to perturb the intestinal microbiota. C57BL/6 mice were treated with clinically relevant doses of streptomycin and vancomycin in drinking water for 2 days, followed by oral infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Alterations in microbiota composition and numbers were evaluated by fluorescent in situ hybridization, differential plating, and Sybr green staining. Antibiotics had a dose-dependent effect on intestinal microbiota composition. The chosen antibiotic regimen did not significantly alter the total numbers of intestinal bacteria but altered the microbiota composition. Greater preinfection perturbations in the microbiota resulted in increased mouse susceptibility to Salmonella serovar Typhimurium intestinal colonization, greater postinfection alterations in the microbiota, and more severe intestinal pathology. These results suggest that antibiotic treatment alters the balance of the microbial community, which predisposes the host to Salmonella serovar Typhimurium infection, demonstrating the importance of a healthy microbiota in host response to enteric pathogens.

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“…[4][5][6] Despite the importance of HAI, there is no clear indication of the magnitude of the problem in most African countries-south of the Sahara. Published data on HAI from Sub-Saharan Africa are mainly on outbreaks of nosocomial infection [7][8][9][10][11][12] or are related to problems with various procedures. [13][14] The British national survey protocol 15 have been used in several British hospitals and detailed methodology is available therefore it was selected for this survey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial and Community Acquired Infections in Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra

Mj¹

2010

West African Journal of Medicine

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BACKGROUND: Nosocomial or hospital acquired infection has been recognized as a serious public health problem in the last twenty years. In most hospitals in Africa-South of the Sahara, although the types of community acquired infections are known, neither the magnitude, nor the common types of nosocomial infections has been documented. OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to find the prevalence of hospital and community acquired infections in hospitals, and to estimate the overall prevalence of HAI and CAI in Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. METHODS: A one-day prevalence survey of nosocomial and community acquired infection in a tertiary-care hospital in Accra was performed using the 1980 British national protocol and the result was analyzed using computerized gargets. RESULTS: Of the 907 patients on admission (on the day of the study), 61 (6.7%) had hospital-acquired infection and 287 (31.6%) had community acquired infection. The commonest hospital acquired infection was wound infection followed by skin and lower respiratory infections. Of the community infections, the most common cases were lower respiratory and skin infections. Fifty-three percent of all patients were on antimicrobial treatment. Patients on metronidazole were 212 (44%), ampicillin/amoxicillin 199 (41.6%), cloxacillin 163 (34%) and gentamicin 135 (28%). Approximately 20% of patients were on three or more drugs. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that the prevalence of community acquired infections in our hospital is much higher than that from nosocomial infections and that the British national survey protocol can be used in countries with limited resources. WAJM 2009; 28(5): 300-303.Keywords: Nosocomial infection, survey, prevalence, developing country. RÉSUMÉ CONTEXTE: nosocomiales ou infections acquises à l'hôpital a été reconnue comme un grave problème de santé publique dans les vingt dernières années. Dans la plupart des hôpitaux en Afrique au sud du Sahara, bien que les types d'infections acquises dans la collectivité sont connues, ni l'ampleur, ni les types communs d'infections nosocomiales a été documentée. OBJECTIF: Cette étude a été menée pour trouver la prévalence de l'hôpital et la communauté des infections acquises dans les hôpitaux, et d'estimer la prévalence globale de l'HAI et CAI en Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. MÉTHODE: Un questionnaire d'une prévalence du jour de l'infection nosocomiale et communautaire a acquis une infection dans un hôpital de soins tertiaires à Accra a été réalisée en utilisant le protocole de 1980 ressortissant britannique et le résultat a été analysée à l'aide gargets informatisé. RÉSULTATS: Sur les 907 patients à l'admission (le jour de l'étude), 61 (6,7%) avaient des infections nosocomiales et 287 (31,6%) avaient acquises dans la collectivité infection. L'hôpital a acquis l'infection a été plus fréquente infection de la plaie suivie par la peau et les infections pulmonaires. Parmi les infections communautaires, les cas les plus fréquents étaient des voies respiratoires inférieures et les infections

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Nosocomial outbreak of neonatal Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis meningitis in a rural hospital in northern Tanzania

Abstract: Background: Clinicians at Haydom Lutheran Hospital, a rural hospital in northern Tanzania noted an unusually high case-fatality rate of pediatric meningitis and suspected an outbreak of an unknown agent or an organism resistant to the empirical therapy.

Cited by 35 publications

References 11 publications

Molecular Analysis ofSalmonellaEnteritidis and Typhimurium Clinical and Food Isolates by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in Bogotá, Colombia

Molecular Analysis ofSalmonellaEnteritidis and Typhimurium Clinical and Food Isolates by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in Bogotá, Colombia

Antibiotic-Induced Perturbations of the Intestinal Microbiota Alter Host Susceptibility to Enteric Infection

Nosocomial and Community Acquired Infections in Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra

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