Nosocomial bloodstream infections associated with Candida species in a Turkish University Hospital

Abstract

In recent years, a progressive increase in the frequency of nosocomial candidaemia has been observed, especially among the critically ill or immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trend in incidence of candidaemia together with potential risk factors in an 850-bed Turkish Tertiary Care Hospital in a 4-year period. A total of 104 candidaemia episodes were identified in 104 patients. The overall incidence was 0.56 per 1000 hospital admissions and the increase in incidence of candidaemia from 2000 to 2003 was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.010). Candida albicans was the most common species (57.7%) and non-albicans species accounted for 42.3% of all episodes. The most common non-albicans Candida sp. isolated was C. tropicalis (20.2%) followed by C. parapsilosis (12.5%). The most frequent risk factors possibly associated with the candidaemia were previous antibiotic treatment (76.9%), presence of central venous catheter (71.2%) and total parenteral nutrition (55.8%). Our results show the fact that the incidence of candidaemia caused by non-albicans species is frequent and increasing significantly, although the most common isolated Candida species were C. albicans and further investigations are necessary to evaluate the mechanisms of increasing incidence of candidaemia caused by non-albicans species.

Comparison of Nosocomial Candidemia of Pediatric and Adult Cases in 2-Years Period at a Turkish University Hospital

“…In addition, C. parapsilosis has been found to be associated with the use of central venous catheters and total parenteral nutrition [5]. We did not find any difference in the prevalences of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis among risk factors such as the use of central venous catheters and total parenteral nutrition.…”

“…Although there have been numerous studies of candidemia in adults [2,[5][6][7][8]] data on pediatric populations [9][10][11][12] are still limited. The aim of this study was to compare the etiology and risk factors of nosocomial candidemia among pediatric and adult patients at a university hospital in 2007-2009.…”

“…Several studies have determined the risk factors fungal infections. These risk factors include the length of stay in the intensive care unit, the use of intravascular catheters, malignancy, surgical operations, chemotherapy, antimicrobial agents and steroid use [2,[5][6][7][8][9].…”

Investigation of Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Species Isolated from Various Clinical Samples From Intensive Care Unit Patients

“…Ülkemizde yapılan çeşitli çalışmalarda da kan kültürlerinden en sık izole edilen Candida türü C.albicans olarak bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalardan bazılarında ikinci sıklıkta izole edilen tür C. parapsilosis (4,5,12,13), bazılarında ise C. tropicalis olarak bildirilmiştir (14,15). Fungal kan dolaşımı infeksiyon etkenleri arasında en sık tespit edilen tür C. albicans olmakla birlikte, son yıllarda albicans…”

Antifungal Susceptibility and Risk Factors in Patients with Candidemia

“…In a study from our country, C. tropicalis was reported as the second most frequent agent [18]. Between 2000 and 2003, C. albicans (57.7%), C. tropicalis (20.2%), C. parapsilosis (12.5%), and C. glabrata (3.8%) were reported to take the first four ranks among Candida infections at the Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine [19]. In our study, we have identified the Candida species as C. albicans (52.4%), C. parapsilosis (16.7%), C. glabrata (9.5%), C. tropicalis (7.1%), and C. krusei (4.8%), while 7.1% were non-typed non-albicans Candida species.…”