“…Productivity challenges due to cold and unstable climate and short seasons, as well as high labour wages, make agricultural production costs in Norway high (Flaten et al 2011) . However, food self-sufficiency is highly valued by Norwegian citizens (Mittenzwei et al, 2016), and the agricultural sector is protected by both import tariffs and high subsidy levels (Almås and Gjerdåker, 2004;Kvakkestad et al, 2018). Possibilities for import protection are strengthened as the country is not part of the European Union.…”
“…Productivity challenges due to cold and unstable climate and short seasons, as well as high labour wages, make agricultural production costs in Norway high (Flaten et al 2011) . However, food self-sufficiency is highly valued by Norwegian citizens (Mittenzwei et al, 2016), and the agricultural sector is protected by both import tariffs and high subsidy levels (Almås and Gjerdåker, 2004;Kvakkestad et al, 2018). Possibilities for import protection are strengthened as the country is not part of the European Union.…”
“…Within the food industry, the topic of sustainability is a key concern, particularly for dairy processors. The majority of the environmental impacts of the dairy industry originate at the farm level, much of which is not in the direct control of the dairy companies (Almås and Brobakk, 2012; Green et al. , 2017).…”
PurposeThe current paper aims to discuss the implementation of Green Lean Six Sigma (GLSS) in the food industry to improve sustainable practices. The focus is more specifically on dairy processors to ascertain the current state of the literature and aid future research direction.Design/methodology/approachUtilising a systematic literature review (SLR), the paper addresses various terms and different written forms in the literature. The study characterises the current deployment of GLSS in the food industry and explains the reported benefits of this approach.FindingsGLSS, a concept that has yet to be fully explored in the food industry, as in other sectors, holds significant potential to enhance the food industry’s sustainability practices. The dairy sector, a subsector of the food industry known for its high greenhouse gas emissions, is a prime candidate for the application of GLSS. In instances where it has been applied, GLSS has demonstrated its effectiveness in improving sustainability, reducing waste, lowering greenhouse gas emissions and minimising water usage. However, the specific tools used and the model for GLSS implementation are areas that require further study, as they have the potential to revolutionise food industry operations and reduce their environmental impacts.Practical implicationsBenchmarking of this research by the food industry sector and by academics can aid understanding of the practical application of GLSS tools and aid implementation of these practices to evolve the dairy processing sector in the next decade as sustainability champions in the sector.Originality/valueThis study extensively analyses GLSS in the food industry, with a particular focus on dairy processors.
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