Northern PMC brightness zonal variability and its correlation with temperature and water vapor

Rong, Pingping; Russell, James M.; Randall, C. E.; Bailey, S. M.; Lambert, A.

doi:10.1002/2013jd020513

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…They furthermore showed that this IWC is in agreement with zonally averaged IWC observed by SOFIE to within 35%, indicating that vertical and horizontal transport of PMC can be neglected when calculating IWC at SOFIE latitudes. The model has been successfully used in a variety of PMC studies at high latitudes and midlatitudes [ Russell et al ., , ; Rong et al ., , ; Hervig et al ., , ]. We will discuss our assumption of local PMC formation when comparing our PMC calculations against observations later in this study.…”

Section: Nogaps‐alpha and Pmcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodicities of polar mesospheric clouds inferred from a meteorological analysis and forecast system

et al. 2017

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There is currently an ambiguity in what controls polar mesospheric cloud (PMC) periodicities near 83 km altitude. This is primarily because satellite and ground‐based data sets cannot resolve global mesospheric temperature variability over the diurnal cycle. To address this limitation, we employ a global meteorological analysis and forecast system that assimilates mesospheric satellite data with two significant advances. The first is that we use output at a more rapid one hourly cadence, allowing for a quantitative description of diurnal (24 h), semidiurnal (12 h), and terdiurnal oscillations. The second is that the output drives a simple PMC parameterization which depends only on the local temperature, pressure, and water vapor concentrations. Our study focuses on results from July 2009 in the Northern Hemisphere and January 2008 in the Southern Hemisphere. We find that the 24 h migrating temperature tide as well as the 12 h and 24 h nonmigrating tides dominate northern PMC oscillations whereas the 12 h and 24 h nonmigrating tides dominate southern oscillations. Monthly averaged amplitudes for each of these components are generally 2–6 K with the larger amplitudes at lower PMC latitudes (50°). The 2 day and 5 day planetary waves also contribute in both hemispheres, with monthly averaged amplitudes from 1 to 3 K although these amplitudes can be as high as 4–6 K on some days. Over length scales of ~1000 km and timescales of ~1 week, we find that local temperature oscillations adequately describe midlatitude PMC observations.

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Section: Nogaps‐alpha and Pmcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodicities of polar mesospheric clouds inferred from a meteorological analysis and forecast system

et al. 2017

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“…Hervig et al (2009) also concluded that the PMC seasonal dependence is generally controlled by temperature. Rong et al (2014) found that during the summer season start and end, the temperature plays a dominant role in influencing the PMC variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Water vapor is another important factor for the PMC formation. However, using Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) and Aura/MLS satellite data between 2007 and 2011, Rong et al (2014) found that the correlation of albedo and H 2 O (without time lag) is poor throughout the season in the NH, while temperature and albedo are clearly anticorrelated during the season start and end. Therefore, we will only study the correlation between temperature and PMCs during the PMC startup season in this paper.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Hemisphere Summer Mesopause Responses to El Niño–Southern Oscillation

Calvo

Yue

et al. 2016

Journal of Climate

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In the Southern Hemisphere (SH) polar region, satellite observations reveal a significant uppermesosphere cooling and a lower-thermosphere warming during warm ENSO events in December. An opposite pattern is observed in the tropical mesopause region. The observed upper-mesosphere cooling agrees with a climate model simulation. Analysis of the simulation suggests that enhanced planetary wave (PW) dissipation in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) high-latitude stratosphere during El Niño strengthens the Brewer-Dobson circulation and cools the equatorial stratosphere. This increases the magnitude of the SH stratosphere meridional temperature gradient and thus causes the anomalous stratospheric easterly zonal wind and early breakdown of the SH stratospheric polar vortex. The resulting perturbation to gravity wave (GW) filtering causes anomalous SH mesospheric eastward GW forcing and polar upwelling and cooling. In addition, constructive inference of ENSO and quasibiennial oscillation (QBO) could lead to stronger stratospheric easterly zonal wind anomalies at the SH high latitudes in November and December and early breakdown of the SH stratospheric polar vortex during warm ENSO events in the easterly QBO phase (defined by the equatorial zonal wind at ;25 hPa). This would in turn cause much more SH mesospheric eastward GW forcing and much colder polar temperatures, and hence it would induce an early onset time of SH summer polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs). The opposite mechanism occurs during cold ENSO events in the westerly QBO phase. This implies that ENSO together with QBO could significantly modulate the breakdown time of SH stratospheric polar vortex and the onset time of SH PMC.

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“…[] and similar to Rong et al . [, ] and Russell et al . [], the MLS temperature and H 2 O data at the pressure layer of 0.0046 hPa (~84 km) are used to represent the temperature and H 2 O at the PMC layer.…”

Section: Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent longitudinal variations in 8 years of CIPS/AIM polar mesospheric clouds

Liu

Yue

et al. 2016

JGR Atmospheres

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The Cloud Imaging and Particle Size (CIPS) instrument on the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) satellite provides an opportunity to study the longitudinal variation in polar mesospheric cloud (PMC). We examined the longitudinal variation in PMC albedo using 8 years (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014) of observations from the CIPS instrument. The results show that the PMC albedo in the Southern Hemisphere (SH), especially in the latitude band of 80°S-85°S, is persistently low (~65% relative to the rest of the hemisphere) within 60°W to 150°W longitude. In the Northern Hemisphere (NH), however, PMC albedo is found to be relatively zonally asymmetry. Harmonic analyses show that the persistent longitudinal variation in the SH PMC albedo is due to zonal wave numbers 1 through 4 (WN1-WN4) processes with minima in the longitude range of 60°W-150°W. The influence of temperature and H 2 O on the longitudinal variation of the PMC albedo is discussed based on results obtained using a simple 0-D PMC model and temperature from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and the Sounding of the Atmosphere with Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) and H 2 O from MLS. The modeled region of low ice mass in the SH is generally consistent with that of low PMC albedo seen in CIPS. Tidal analyses using the SABER temperatures indicate that the nonmigrating semidiurnal tides with modes of S0, W1, and E1 might be the main drivers of the persistent longitudinal variations of PMC albedo in the SH. Nonmigrating tides are much weaker in the NH and consistent with the observed lack of longitudinal variability in PMC albedo. height (~82-87 km) [e.g.

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Northern PMC brightness zonal variability and its correlation with temperature and water vapor

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Periodicities of polar mesospheric clouds inferred from a meteorological analysis and forecast system

Periodicities of polar mesospheric clouds inferred from a meteorological analysis and forecast system

Southern Hemisphere Summer Mesopause Responses to El Niño–Southern Oscillation

Persistent longitudinal variations in 8 years of CIPS/AIM polar mesospheric clouds

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