Northeast Asian Dust Transport: A Case Study of a Dust Storm Event from 28 March to 2 April 2012

Purevsuren, Tsedendamba; Jugder, D.; Baba, Kenji; Hagiwara, Kaoru; Noda, Jun; Kawai, Kei; Ganzorig, Sumiya; McCarthy, Christopher; Kai, Kenji; Hoshino, Buho

doi:10.3390/atmos10020069

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The The second step in the investigation involved the analysis of the spatial distribution of CHL-a anomalies with a lag of 14 days after the onset of the dust event. CHL-a anomalies (∆CHL-a) assumed to represent the CHL-a response to dust events were defined as ∆CHL-a (2018) = CHL-a (2018) − CHL-a (mean) , where CHL-a (2018) is the CHL concentration for 2018 defined as the composite over a 13-day period (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29), beginning with a lag of 14 days after the onset of the Asian dust event on 3 April 2018; CHL-a (mean) is the mean CHL-a concentration averaged over the same period between 2012 and 2017. Figure 7c shows that the spatial distribution of positive CHL-a anomalies (i.e., ∆CHL-a > 0) in 2018 appeared generally consistent with the overall distribution of AI values > 1.7 (Figure 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe dust storms over East Asia were analyzed between 26 March and 4 April 2018. These storms caused an increase in PM 10 concentrations at least two-fold in comparison with normal atmospheric conditions [28,34,70]. Hourly PM 10 concentrations in Beijing rapidly rose from 190 µg m −3 at local 00:00 on 27 March to a maximum of 1989 µg m −3 at local 07:00 on 28 March; a secondary peak (>300 µg m −3 ) at local 20:00 on 2 April was observed.…”

Section: Dust Occurrence and Transportationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As the dust particles are transported to long distances from their source regions to the North Pacific Ocean [20,21,25], the crucial factors for examining their impacts on OPP include an accurate understanding of physical processes such as dust sources, dust aerosol types, horizontal and vertical transport pathways, and dust deposition. Recent developments in techniques such as multiple satellite measurements, ground-based observations, and model simulations are capable of monitoring these characteristics of dust events [26][27][28][29]. A few studies, however, have combined the analysis of sources, transport and vertical distribution of Asian dust, and their impacts on ocean biogeochemical cycles in combination by integrating these multiple techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spring 2018 Asian Dust Events: Sources, Transportation, and Potential Biogeochemical Implications

et al. 2019

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The input of aeolian mineral dust to the oceans is regarded as the major source in supplying bioavailable iron for phytoplankton growth. Severe dust events swept over East Asia during the 26 March to the 4 April 2018, decreasing air quality to hazardous levels, with maximum PM10 mass concentrations above 3000 μg m−3 in northern China. Based on a comprehensive approach that combines multiple satellite measurements, ground observations, and model simulation, we revealed that two severe Asian dust events originating from the Taklimakan and Gobi deserts on 26 March and 1 April, were transported through northern China and the East/Japan Sea, to the North Pacific Ocean by westerly wind systems. Transportation pathways dominated by mineral dust aerosols were observed at altitudes of 2–7 km in the source regions, and then ascending to 3–10 km in the North Pacific Ocean, with relatively denser dust plumes within the second dust episode than there were during the first. Our results suggest that mineral dust emitted from the Taklimakan and Gobi deserts could increase ocean primary productivity in the North Pacific Ocean by up to ~50%, compared to average conditions. This emphasizes the potential importance of the deposition of Asian mineral dust over the North Pacific Ocean for enhancing the biological pump.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dust Occurrence and Transportationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spring 2018 Asian Dust Events: Sources, Transportation, and Potential Biogeochemical Implications

et al. 2019

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“…One of the methods to measure aerosol optical properties near the ground is the use of near-horizontal lidar operated continuously [7]. The majority of lidar studies to date have elucidated the behavior of aerosols and clouds at relatively higher altitudes (>0.5 km) [8][9][10][11]. Although continuous, near-horizontal measurements are still scarce, and this technique enables the determination of ambient optical characteristics of aerosols that are not easily observed by sampling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Aerosol Properties Studied Using a Near-Horizontal Lidar

et al. 2019

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Studying near-surface aerosol properties is of importance for a better assessment of the aerosol effect on radiative forcing. We employ the data from a near-horizontal lidar to investigate the diurnal behavior of aerosol extinction and single scattering albedo (SSA) at 349 nm. The response of these parameters to ambient relative humidity (RH) is examined for the data from a one-month campaign conducted in Chiba, Japan, during November 2017, a transition period from fall to winter. The Klett method and adaptive slope method are used in deriving the aerosol extinction coefficient from the lidar data, while the SSA values are retrieved using an aethalometer. Also, a visibility-meter is used to examine the aerosol loading inside the atmospheric boundary layer. It is found that the aerosol growth during the deliquescence phase is more readily observed than the contraction in the efflorescence phase. The decrease of SSA before the deliquescence RH is found for approximately 46% of the deliquescence cases, presumably representing the particle shrinkage of soot particles.

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“…In particular, the frequency of the outbreak of Asian dust storms in winter significantly increased in the 2000s. Although the frequency and intensity of the winter season Asian dust storms remain lower than those of spring [5], they are often accompanied by other toxic air pollutants emitted from residential heating and hence can be a considerable threat to public health [6]. In order to predict the dust storms and prepare countermeasures, a well-designed numerical wind-blown dust model, which simulates the wind erosion phenomenon to predict the wind-blown dust emission in arid regions, is required [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stepwise Assessment of Different Saltation Theories in Comparison with Field Observation Data

Haeju

Park

2019

Atmosphere

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Wind-blown dust models use input data, including soil conditions and meteorology, to interpret the multi-step wind erosion process and predict the quantity of dust emission. Therefore, the accuracy of the wind-blown dust models is dependent on the accuracy of each input condition and the robustness of the model schemes for each elemental step of wind erosion. A thorough evaluation of a wind-blown model thus requires validation of the input conditions and the elemental model schemes. However, most model evaluations and intercomparisons have focused on the final output of the models, i.e., the vertical dust emission. Recently, a delicate set of measurement data for saltation flux and friction velocity was reported from the Japan-Australia Dust Experiment (JADE) Project, which enabled the step-by-step evaluation of wind-blown dust models up to the saltation step. When all the input parameters were provided from the observations, both the two widely used saltation schemes showed very good agreement with measurements, with the correlation coefficient and the agreement of index both being larger than 0.9, which demonstrated the strong robustness of the physical schemes for saltation. However, using the meteorology model to estimate the input conditions such as weather and soil conditions, considerably degraded the models' performance. The critical reason for the model failure was determined to be the inaccuracy in the estimation of the threshold friction velocity (representing soil condition), followed by inaccurate estimation of surface wind speed. It was not possible to determine which of the two saltation schemes was superior, based on the present study results. Such differentiation will require further evaluation studies using more measurements of saltation flux and vertical dust emissions.Atmosphere 2020, 11, 10 2 of 18 erosion [9], based on the soil characteristics, including land-use type and soil texture [10]. In this step, the drag partitioning effect due to nonerodible elements [11][12][13] and the soil moisture effect [14] are also calculated. By combining this information, the threshold friction velocity, which quantifies the minimum wind speed to trigger the wind erosion, is determined as the final output of the first step [15]. When the actual friction velocity exceeds the threshold friction velocity, saltation (horizontal leapfrogging movement of soil grains) takes place [16,17]. When the leaping soil grains return to the ground, they release fine dust particles attached to them or are broken into pieces, resulting in the vertical emission of dust particles, which is called sandblasting [18,19]. These steps have been interpreted in various different ways in several modeling studies [20].Several studies on wind-blown dust in East Asia have been reported. Kang et al.[21] compared the performances of three vertical dust flux schemes suggested by Marticorena and Bergametti [17] and Lu and Shao [22] for an intense dust storm episode that broke out in the Gobi desert in winter. Reportedly, all three schemes ...

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Northeast Asian Dust Transport: A Case Study of a Dust Storm Event from 28 March to 2 April 2012

Cited by 15 publications

References 51 publications

Spring 2018 Asian Dust Events: Sources, Transportation, and Potential Biogeochemical Implications

Spring 2018 Asian Dust Events: Sources, Transportation, and Potential Biogeochemical Implications

Surface Aerosol Properties Studied Using a Near-Horizontal Lidar

Stepwise Assessment of Different Saltation Theories in Comparison with Field Observation Data

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