North versus South: The Impact of Social Norms in the Market Pricing of Private Property Rights in Vietnam

Kim, Annette M.

doi:10.2139/ssrn.1680750

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The results expand upon and reinforce Kim’s (2007) finding that in Vietnam, local political culture is closely associated with the self-assessed value of property rights claims. In Mexico, the share of a city’s population with university education, the extent of electoral competition, and the degree of citizen participation in voting are all statistically significantly associated with a higher value for property rights claims at the city level, whereas variables measuring local economic activity, degree of informality, and level of inequality are not.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Existing research examining the variation in demand for and value of property rights claims focuses primarily on agricultural land (Alston, Libecap, & Mueller, 1999; Miceli, Sirmans, & Kieyah, 2001), with one notable exception (Kim, 2007). Jacoby and Minten’s (2007) research on land registration in sub-Saharan Africa raises the important question of the cost-effectiveness of registration for those who register property.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kim (2007) focuses on a more difficult to measure explanation for variation in the demand for property rights. She argues that the differences in the market premium associated with property rights security in two cities in Vietnam stems from local civic and political culture, rather than differences in bureaucratic efficiency or the value of the property itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Where do Property Rights Matter More? Explaining the Variation in Demand for Property Titles across Cities in Mexico

Monkkonen

2016

World Development

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Summary This paper examines the variation in the value of property rights to housing in Mexico, focusing specifically on differences between urban housing markets. Roughly 30% of owner-occupied houses in Mexico do not have a proper deed. Houses with no deed are estimated to be five percent less valuable than otherwise similar houses with a full deed, yet this premium varies widely across cities. I match data from the 2012 and 2014 National Survey of Household Incomes and Expenditures to different sources of city-level data in order to examine hypotheses explaining this variation in a multilevel regression framework. I find that deeds are valued more in cities with more highly educated residents, more political competition, and more voting. Measures of local economic activity, degree of informality, and the regulatory bureaucracy are not associated with higher value to full property rights. Additionally, I find that more educated households value deeds more, and having a deed is more valuable for larger houses in neighborhoods with less vacancy and higher infrastructure quality. Based on these results, I suggest funds to subsidize titling should be redirected to places where titles are worth more. More broadly, I suggest policymakers reconsider framing property-titling programs as poverty alleviation. Low-income households would benefit more from subsidies for improvements to housing and residential infrastructure. At the same time, the federal government should further push to reduce the costs of transferring property.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Where do Property Rights Matter More? Explaining the Variation in Demand for Property Titles across Cities in Mexico

Monkkonen

2016

World Development

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“…First, given the cross-sectional data structure, causation cannot be established regarding association between underweight, wealth and marital status. Second, our findings cannot be generalized to women in other regions of Vietnam, especially southern Vietnam, which differs from the northern part in terms of the culture, climate and degree of Westernization [45]. Third, as all variables used in this study were self-reported without additional validation, the data should be cautiously interpreted because of possible bias from socially desirable responses and selective memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wealth gradient-based divergence in the prevalence of underweight among women by marital status in Quoc Oai district, Vietnam

Heo

et al. 2018

Global Health Action

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Background: The prevalence of underweight is high among women in Asian countries, despite nutritional changes in the region. Previous studies have demonstrated independent associations between female body weight, marital status and economic status. However, few studies have investigated possible interaction between marital and economic status in relation to Asian women’s body weight. Objective: This study aimed to test associations between household wealth, marital status and underweight among women living in the Quoc Oai district of Vietnam and to identify wealth–marital status interaction in relation to body weight in these women. Methods: Data from 1087 women aged 19–60 years were collected via a baseline community survey conducted in the Quoc Oai district of Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2016. Underweight was defined using an Asian-specific body mass index cut-off (<18.5 kg/m2). Marital status was dichotomized into ‘never married’ and ‘ever married.’ Economic status was measured using household wealth index quintiles. Multivariable logistic regressions tested association between wealth and underweight after adjusting for marital status and other confounders. An interaction term (wealth index*marital status) was fitted to determine whether the association between wealth and body weight is modified by marital status. Results: Our results show that underweight was independently associated with a wealth status (odds ratio [OR]: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79–0.98, p = 0.026) and ever-married status (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.34–0.75, p = 0.002). A significant interaction effect (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.50–0.90, p = 0.010) indicated that wealthy married women were less likely to be underweight, whereas wealthy never-married women were more likely to be underweight. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the interaction between wealth and marital status has divergent effects on underweight among Asian women. Interventions to reduce underweight among Asian women should simultaneously consider economic and marital status.

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“…This resulted in the construction of large-scale highrise housing areas in the late 1990s and especially since the turn of the century. Housing demand has increased rapidly since transition resulting in the possibility of making large economic gains through the private housing market as housing and land prices in central-city locations have skyrocketed (Kim, 2007;Yeung, 2007). Real estate prices are reported to have risen by an unprecedented 500% in central Hanoi between 1990-1993(Drakakis-Smith and Dixon, 1997.…”

Section: Changing Housing Policy In Hanoimentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing housing policy in Vietnam: Emerging inequalities in a residential area of Hanoi

Gough

Tran

2009

Cities

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a b s t r a c tThis paper discusses the housing situation of urban dwellers in Hanoi in the transition period from state housing provision to privatisation and market-driven housing. Based on field studies in a residential area of Hanoi with Soviet-style apartment blocks, the paper shows how new housing policies are contributing to strengthening inequality as 'winners' and 'losers' emerge. The entrepreneurial, the better off, and those of higher social status have encountered greater opportunities to improve their economy and housing situation. The less well-off residents, who typically have a lower social status, are losing out under the new housing policy. Unable to rely on state provision of housing, and at times denied the possibility of buying their apartments, they face an uncertain future as plans to upgrade the areas may well force them out. The youth are increasingly facing differentiated opportunities mainly dependent on the extent of parental financial support. Youth from better off households have access to housing purchased for them by their parents whereas youth from poorer families have to settle for long-term living in overcrowded parental homes. The paper shows how despite moving towards a more market-oriented economy, the new housing system is still built on old ideologies and supports the old hierarchy. Inequality is not just emerging between different housing areas but also within them.

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North versus South: The Impact of Social Norms in the Market Pricing of Private Property Rights in Vietnam

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Where do Property Rights Matter More? Explaining the Variation in Demand for Property Titles across Cities in Mexico

Where do Property Rights Matter More? Explaining the Variation in Demand for Property Titles across Cities in Mexico

Wealth gradient-based divergence in the prevalence of underweight among women by marital status in Quoc Oai district, Vietnam

Changing housing policy in Vietnam: Emerging inequalities in a residential area of Hanoi

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