North American Influences on the Circulation and Climate of the North Atlantic Sector

Dickson, Robert R.; Namias, Jerome

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1976)104<1255:naiotc>2.0.co;2

Cited by 151 publications

(96 citation statements)

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“…Combining their results with that in the present study, it is concluded that in winter the SST anomaly in the North Pacific can be affected by that fluctuation in the equatorial region through the atmospheric variation corresponding to the PNA pattern. It is also shown in Dickson and Namias (1976) and Lanzante (1984) that the PNA pattern is related to the SST anomaly pattern resembling the first EOF in the present study. These results shown in previous studies are the interannual relationship for particular season between the dominant SST anomaly pattern in the North Pacific and the atmospheric fluctuation over the Northern Hemisphere, whereas the results presented here include the relation of both interannual and intermonthly fluctuations.…”

Section: Relationships Between the Results Of Eofsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In the view of the relationships between the global scale atmospheric fluctuations and the large scale SST anomaly variation, Namias (1969,1971,1978,1980), Dickson and Namias (1976), and Douglas et al (1982), for example, investigated the SST fluctuation in the middle latitude. Lanzante (1984) and Love (1985) studied the relation between the SST and the atmospheric condition with the method proposed by Prohaska (1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of SST Anomalies in the North Pacific and their Relation to 500mb Height Anomalies Over the Northern Hemisphere During 1969-1979

Iwasaka

Hanawa

Toba

1987

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Section: Relationships Between the Results Of Eofsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of SST Anomalies in the North Pacific and their Relation to 500mb Height Anomalies Over the Northern Hemisphere During 1969-1979

Iwasaka

Hanawa

Toba

1987

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…This would account for the anomalously deep pressure trough in the SLP reconstruction at this location and could then be evidence of an ocean-atmosphere feed back, which could sustain the atmospheric circulation from which is was generated. The relevance of this suggestion for climate in the North Atlantic sector was demonstrated in a study (Dickson and Namias 1976) where months of extreme winter cold in the southeastern US showed an increase in baroclinicity at the Atlantic seaboard and an increase in cyclonic activity in the northwest Atlantic. No increase of stagnating cyclones in the Newfoundland-Labrador area, originating along the Atlantic seaboard is observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Bjerknes’ hypothesis on the coldness during AD 1790–1820 revisited

Schrier

Barkmeijer

2005

Climate Dynamics

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The aim of this paper is to re-examine and quantify a hypothesis first put forward by J. Bjerknes concerning the anomalous coldness during the AD 1790-1820 period in western Europe. Central to Bjerknes' hypothesis is an anomalous interaction between ocean and atmosphere studied here using an oceanatmosphere coupled climate model of intermediate complexity. A reconstruction of the sea-level pressure pattern over the North Atlantic sector averaged over the period 1790-1820 is assimilated in this model, using a recently developed technique which has not been applied to paleoclimatic modelling before. This technique ensures that averaged over the simulation the reconstructed pattern is retrieved whilst leaving atmospheric and climatic variability to develop freely. In accordance with Bjerknes' hypothesis, the model results show anomalous southward advection of polar waters into the northeastern North Atlantic in the winter season, lowering the sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) there with 0.3-1.0°C. This SST anomaly is persistent into the summer season. A decrease in western European winter surface air temperatures is found which can be related almost completely to advection of cold polar air. The decrease in summer surface air temperatures is related to a combination of low SSTs and anomalous atmospheric circulation. The modelled winter and summer temperatures in Europe compare favourably with reconstructed temperatures. Enhanced baroclinicity at the Atlantic seaboard and over Baffin Island is observed along with more variability in the position of the North Atlantic storm tracks. The zone of peak winter storm frequency is drawn to the European mid-latitudes.

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“…The PDO is solely characterized by opposite sign SST anomalies centered in the tropical and extratropical Pacific, which affect pressure and wind speed/direction, and, thereby, weather patterns. Each pattern influences North American climate to varying degrees depending on season, magnitude, and sign of the pattern index (Barnston and Livezey, 1987;Barton and Ramirez, 2004;Hurrell, 1995Hurrell, , 2001Leathers et al, 1991;and Palecki, 1992;McCabe and Dettinger, 2002;Serreze et al, 1998;Dickson and Namias, 1976;Ropelewski and Halpert, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lagged relationships between North American snow mass and atmospheric teleconnection indices

Sobolowski

Frei

2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Abstract:Relationships between North American winter (January, February, March or JFM) snow mass, or snow water equivalent (SWE), between 1980 and 1997, and four teleconnection indices are explored at different spatial and temporal scales, with teleconnection indices leading SWE by one to two seasons. Summer (July, August, September, or JAS) and fall (October, November, December, or OND) Pacific North American pattern (PNA), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) are included in this analysis. Principal components analysis of the SWE data set results in four components, explaining over 56% of the variance in the SWE signal which have significant relationships to ENSO, PDO, and NAO. Strong spatial components associated with these relationships emerge, with the first component (NAO, ENSO) located in the northcentral to northwestern regions of the United States and the southcentral to southwestern regions of Canada. A third component (PDO) stretches from the midwest to the east coast of the United States, New England, and the Atlantic Provinces. Ranked correlation analyses using the SWE data set, and additional analyses of station observations in order to extend the time domain, corroborate and elucidate the PCA results. Examinations of these relationships at different spatial scales, and over varying time domains, indicate that there may be some scale-dependant predictive ability for North American snow mass.

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North American Influences on the Circulation and Climate of the North Atlantic Sector

Cited by 151 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of SST Anomalies in the North Pacific and their Relation to 500mb Height Anomalies Over the Northern Hemisphere During 1969-1979

Analysis of SST Anomalies in the North Pacific and their Relation to 500mb Height Anomalies Over the Northern Hemisphere During 1969-1979

Bjerknes’ hypothesis on the coldness during AD 1790–1820 revisited

Lagged relationships between North American snow mass and atmospheric teleconnection indices

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