Lagged relationships between North American snow mass and atmospheric teleconnection indices

Sobolowski, Stefan; Frei, Allan

doi:10.1002/joc.1395

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…PNA was therefore able to influence SWEmax over northern Québec during this period ( Figure 9) through a combination of an early start to the snow season and more winter precipitation (positive PNA) or a later start to the snow season and less winter precipitation (negative PNA). This finding is in agreement with previous studies which documented significant relationships between PNA and snowfall (Serreze et al, 1998;Morin et al, 2008) and SWE (Sobolowski and Frei, 2007) over eastern NA. The PNA, like the EP/NP, exhibits a strong positive correlation to PDO (r D 0Ð73 for DJFM from 1950) and the fall temperature correlation patterns of PDO, EP/NP and PNA are all very similar ( Figure B2).…”

Section: Pacific-north American Patternsupporting

confidence: 95%

“…html). There is extensive evidence linking NAO to snow cover and snowfall variability over eastern NA (Gutzler and Rosen, 1992;Brown and Goodison, 1996;Sobolowski and Frei, 2007;Morin et al, 2008). In terms of the climate of the Québec region, the positive mode of NAO is associated with northwesterly flow over the region with cold, dry winters (low SWE), while the negative mode of the NAO is associated with weaker winds, warmer air temperatures and more frequent influence of marine air masses from North Atlantic (high SWE).…”

Section: North Atlantic Oscillationmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Analysis of snow cover variability and change in Québec, 1948–2005

Brown

2010

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The spatial and temporal characteristics of annual maximum snow water equivalent (SWEmax) and fall and spring snow cover duration (SCD) were analysed over Québec and adjacent area for snow seasons 1948/1949-2004/2005 using reconstructed daily snow depth and SWE. Snow cover variability in Québec was found to be significantly correlated with most of the major atmospheric circulation patterns affecting the climate of eastern North America but the influence was characterized by strong multidecadal-scale variability. The strongest and most consistent relationship was observed between the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and fall SCD variability over western Québec. El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was found to have a limited impact on Québec snow cover. Evidence was found for a shift in circulation over the study region around 1980 associated with an abrupt increase in sea level pressure (SLP) and decreases in winter precipitation, snow depth and SWE over much of southern Québec, as well as changes in the atmospheric patterns with significant links to snow cover variability. Trend analysis of the reconstructed snow cover over 1948-2005 provided evidence of a clear north-south gradient in SWEmax and spring SCD with significant local decreases over southern Québec and significant local increases over north-central Québec. The increase in SWEmax over northern Québec is consistent with proxy data (lake levels, tree growth forms, permafrost temperatures), with hemispheric-wide trends of increasing precipitation over higher latitudes, and with projections of global climate models (GCMs).

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Section: Pacific-north American Patternsupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: North Atlantic Oscillationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Analysis of snow cover variability and change in Québec, 1948–2005

Brown

2010

Hydrological Processes

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“…The influence of ENSO was highly variable in both time and space but on average, El Niños were associated with less snow cover in this region. Similar PNA and ENSO results were also found with winter ( January to March) snow-water equivalent values for the period 1980 to 1997 (Sobolowski and Frei, 2007).…”

Section: Large-scale Circulation and Low-flow Related Climatesupporting

confidence: 81%

Impacts of Large-Scale Circulation Variability on Low Streamflows over Canada: A Review

Bonsal¹,

Shabbar²

2008

Canadian Water Resources Journal

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Low streamflows constitute an important component of hydro-climatic extremes. This is particularly true for Canada where reduced flows can affect several economic and environmental activities ranging from less hydro-electric production and increased freshwater transportation costs, to reduced water quality and ecological habitat destruction. This paper reviews past research regarding the impacts of large-scale circulation patterns on streamflow variability (including low flows) over Canada.

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“…[11] Since Spearman's rank correlation is nonparametric and insensitive to extreme values such as those commonly encountered in meteorological time series, it is a useful method to test for monotonic relationships [Sobolowski and Frei, 2007]. We first calculate Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (r) to examine associations between the global climate indices and annual CO 2 exchange at Harvard forest.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between large-scale circulation patterns and carbon dioxide exchange by a deciduous forest

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] In this study, we focus on a deciduous forest in central Massachusetts and investigate the relationships between global climate indices and CO 2 exchange using eddy-covariance flux measurements from 1992 to 2007. Results suggest that large-scale circulation patterns influence the annual CO 2 exchange in the forest through their effects on the local surface climate. Annual gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) in the forest is closely associated with spring El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), previous fall Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), and previous winter East Pacific-North Pacific (EP-NP) pattern. Annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) responds to previous fall AMO and PDO, while annual respiration (R) is impacted by previous fall ENSO and Pacific/North American Oscillation (PNA). Regressions based on these relationships are developed to simulate the annual GEE, NEE, and R. To avoid problems of multicollinearity, we compute a "Composite Index for GEE (CI GEE )" based on a linear combination of spring ENSO and PDO, fall AMO, and winter EP-NP and a "Composite Index for R (CI R )" based on a linear combination of fall ENSO and PNA. CI GEE , CI R , and fall AMO and PDO can explain 41, 27, and 40% of the variance of the annual GEE, R, and NEE, respectively. We further apply the methodology to two other northern midlatitude forests and find that interannual variabilities in NEE of the two forests are largely controlled by large-scale circulation patterns. This study suggests that global climate indices provide the potential for predicting CO 2 exchange variability in the northern midlatitude forests.Citation: Zhang, J., L. Wu, G. Huang, and M. Notaro (2011), Relationships between large-scale circulation patterns and carbon dioxide exchange by a deciduous forest,

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Lagged relationships between North American snow mass and atmospheric teleconnection indices

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of snow cover variability and change in Québec, 1948–2005

Analysis of snow cover variability and change in Québec, 1948–2005

Impacts of Large-Scale Circulation Variability on Low Streamflows over Canada: A Review

Relationships between large-scale circulation patterns and carbon dioxide exchange by a deciduous forest

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