“…The DRIS norms can also be composed of all ratios (direct or inverse), as was done for the 'Pera' orange (Citrus sinensis) crop (Dias et al, 2013).…”
ABSTRACT:The oil palm crop has expanded significantly in the state of Pará, which has not been followed in a proportional manner by studies aiming at increasing yield through plant nutrition. The objective of this study was to evaluate general and specific norms of the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) for genetic materials of oil palm (African and interspecific hybrid) at two ages (young and adult plants) and evaluate possible deficiencies in fertilization and soil correction practices. The DRIS norms were composed of means, standard deviations, and coefficients of variation of bivariate, specific, and general relationships among nutrients of 144 leaf samples. The DRIS norms specific for genetic material did not differ from the general norms; however, a large number of differences were found between specific bivariate relationships for age groups, among themselves, and in relation to the general norms. The regression analysis between the nutritional balance index and yield were better explained when age groups were discriminated. In the young plants, the number of cases of stands with deficiencies followed the order Ca > Fe > B > S > Mn > K > Mg = Cu > Zn > N > P; and for adults, this order was Ca > Mn > Zn > Fe > S = B > N = Cu > K > Mg > P. The DRIS norms can be utilized in diagnostics regardless of genetic material; however, they must be specified for the age of the plant. Most of the stands showed deficiency in Ca and micronutrients, coinciding with the least used nutrients in oil palm crops in the state of Pará, as well as emphasizing the need for soil liming.
“…The DRIS norms can also be composed of all ratios (direct or inverse), as was done for the 'Pera' orange (Citrus sinensis) crop (Dias et al, 2013).…”
ABSTRACT:The oil palm crop has expanded significantly in the state of Pará, which has not been followed in a proportional manner by studies aiming at increasing yield through plant nutrition. The objective of this study was to evaluate general and specific norms of the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) for genetic materials of oil palm (African and interspecific hybrid) at two ages (young and adult plants) and evaluate possible deficiencies in fertilization and soil correction practices. The DRIS norms were composed of means, standard deviations, and coefficients of variation of bivariate, specific, and general relationships among nutrients of 144 leaf samples. The DRIS norms specific for genetic material did not differ from the general norms; however, a large number of differences were found between specific bivariate relationships for age groups, among themselves, and in relation to the general norms. The regression analysis between the nutritional balance index and yield were better explained when age groups were discriminated. In the young plants, the number of cases of stands with deficiencies followed the order Ca > Fe > B > S > Mn > K > Mg = Cu > Zn > N > P; and for adults, this order was Ca > Mn > Zn > Fe > S = B > N = Cu > K > Mg > P. The DRIS norms can be utilized in diagnostics regardless of genetic material; however, they must be specified for the age of the plant. Most of the stands showed deficiency in Ca and micronutrients, coinciding with the least used nutrients in oil palm crops in the state of Pará, as well as emphasizing the need for soil liming.
“…O método CND vem sendo utilizado em diversas culturas comerciais, em diferentes regiões do Brasil, como: arroz irrigado no Rio Grande do Sul , cafeeiros em Rondônia (Wadt & Dias, 2012), eucalipto em Minas Gerais (Silva et al, 2005), mangueiras no Semiárido nordestino (Politi et al, 2013), laranjeiras no Amazonas (Dias et al, 2013) e no Estado de São Paulo (Camacho et al, 2012).…”
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a possibilidade de se antecipar o período de realização da diagnose foliar em laranjeira 'Pêra'. Vinte e sete pomares representativos da região produtora de laranja do Estado do Amazonas foram monitorados durante o ano agrícola de 2011/2012. Foram realizadas diagnoses da composição nutricional (CND) em amostras foliares retiradas durante a floração e quando a árvore apresentava frutos com três e seis meses de idade (época tradicional para o monitoramento nutricional). Pomares com produtividade superior a 25 Mg ha -1 foram selecionados para o estabelecimento dos padrões de referência. O estado nutricional da laranja variou com o estádio fenológico no qual se realizou a amostragem foliar, o que fez com que fosse necessário estabelecer normas CND para cada período. Com a antecipação da diagnose para o período de floração, observouse aumento nas concentrações foliares de N, P, K e Cu diminuição e nas de Ca. A antecipação da diagnose foliar em laranja 'Pêra' depende da geração de padrões nutricionais CND específicos para cada época de amostragem.Termos para indexação: Citrus limonia, Citrus sinensis, amostragem foliar, DRIS, índice de balanço nutricional.
Anticipation of the period for foliar diagnosis in 'Pêra' orange tree in Amazon state, BrazilAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the possibility of anticipating the period for foliar diagnosis in 'Pêra' orange tree. Twenty seven representative orchards from the orange production region of the state of Amazonas, Brazil, were monitored during the crop season of 2011/2012. Nutritional composition diagnoses (CND) were performed in leaf samples taken in the flowering stage and when the tree had fruits with three and six months of age (traditional period for nutritional monitoring). Orchards with productivity higher than 25 Mg ha -1 were selected for establishing reference standards. The nutritional status of orange varied with the foliar sample period, which made it necessary to establish specific CND norms for each period. With the anticipation of foliar diagnosis to the flowering period, it was observed that leaf concentrations of N, P, K, and Cu increased and the ones of Ca decreased. The anticipation of 'Pêra' orange foliar diagnosis depends on CND nutritional standards specific to each sampling period.
“…Dias et al (2013) Comparando-se os teores foliares médios dos nutrientes (Tabela 2) com o critério de interpretação pelo método do nível crítico para a cultura do coqueiro híbrido (Tabela 1), os macronutrientes P, K e Ca e os micronutrientes Fe, Mn e Zn situaram-se acima do nível crítico para a cultura do coqueiro híbrido para ambas as referências, parecendo não haver deficiências nutricionais. Para o N, o teor mé-dio de 20,14 g kg -1 esteve abaixo do nível crítico estabelecido.…”
RESUMO -O Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação (DRIS) é baseado no cálculo de um índice para cada nutriente. Para o cálculo das normas DRIS há a necessidade de um banco de dados contendo resultados de análise foliar e produtividade. No Estado do Pará não existem normas DRIS desenvolvidas para a cultura do coqueiro híbrido. O objetivo do trabalho foi desenvolver essas normas para a cultura do coqueiro híbrido. O trabalho foi realizado em área comercial de coqueiro no município de Moju (PA
ESTABLISHMENT OF DRIS NORMS FOR GROWING HYBRID COCONUT IN PARÁABSTRACT -The Integrated Diagnosis and Recommendation (DRIS) is based on the calculation of an index for each nutrient. For the calculation of DRIS norms, there is a need a database containing the results of leaf analysis and yield. In Pará State, no DRIS norms developed for the cultivation of hybrid coconut. The objective was to develop DRIS norms for this culture. The aim was carried at the Socôco farm in Moju PA. The database consisted of 134 observations for the period 2001-2011. We obtained the mean, standard deviation, variance and coefficient of variation of the relationships of concentrations of nutrients, and the coefficients of correlation between the ratio of each pair of nutrients and fruit yield. DRIS norms were established based on the population of high productivity. Of the 110 relationships, 55 were selected to DRIS norms, using two selection criteria of relationships between nutrients. The highest values of standard deviation, variance and coefficient of variation were presented to the leaf levels of the micronutrients iron, manganese, and boron. While the nutrients showed higher percentages of samples with levels below the adequate levels used were Mg and Ca, and finally the nutrients in leaf samples presented above or equal to the adequate levels contents were Fe, Mn and Ca.
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