Nonylphenols in freshwaters of the hydrologic system of an Italian district: association with human activities and evaluation of human exposure

Vitali, Matteo; Ensabella, Francesca; Stella, Daniela; Guidotti, Maurizio

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.06.029

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In a survey of 65 surface waters in Berlin, Germany (Fromme et al, 1998), the maximum measured concentrations of NP1EO and NP2EO were respectively 3.3 (n = 26) and 0.8 μg l −1 (n = 3). NP concentrations determined in a previous study in the upper part of the Tiber river basin (Vitali et al, 2004) were generally lower than 0.1 μg l −1 , although concentrations up to 1.6 μg l −1 were occasionally measured in samples collected downstream wastewater inputs.…”

Section: Organic Carbon Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In Italy few studies focused on the presence of NPEOs persistent metabolites in water bodies such as marine waters (Marcomini et al, 2000), effluents (Di Corcia et al, 1994), and surface waters (Davì and Gnudi, 1999;Mingazzini et al, 2002;Croce et al, 2003;Polesello et al, 2003, Vitali et al, 2004. Recently, we preliminarily presented concentrations of NP, NP1EO, NP2EO and BPA in suspended particulate matter and bed sediments collected along the watercourse of Tiber river, which flows across the central part of the country and, in its final stretch, drains a highly urbanized area surrounding Rome (Patrolecco et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Partition of Nonylphenol and Related Compounds Among Different Aquatic Compartments in Tiber River (Central Italy)

Patrolecco

Capri

Angelis

et al. 2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol mono-and di-ethoxylate (NP1EO, NP2EO) and bisphenol A (BPA) were determined in water, suspended particulate matter (s.p.m.) and bed sediment collected from the most polluted stretch of Tiber river (Italy) in the neighbourhood of Rome. Analytes were recovered from water samples by solid-phase extraction (SPE) on Si-C 18 cartridges and analysed by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Solid samples were extracted by using an aqueous solution of the non-ionic surfactant Tween 80.Results indicated that 2-42% of NP, 9-45% of NP1EO, 11-18% of NP2EO and 4-62% of BPA respectively occurred in the suspended phase. In general, for all compounds a higher affinity for s.p.m. than for bed sediments was observed, reflecting differences in the nature of particles and in their sorption capacity for organic micro-pollutants. The partition of target compounds in river compartments was affected by differences in hydrological conditions between the two sampling campaigns. Run-off from the basin or resuspension/redissolution from sediments was an important source of nonylphenol and bisphenol A during high discharge regimes. Partition coefficients of compounds (log K oc ) between water and s.p.m. were calculated under stable flow condition. K oc values, experimentally measured in the river, were higher than those predicted by K ow , implying that specific chemical interaction could occur in the sorption mechanisms for these group of compounds.

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Section: Organic Carbon Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Partition of Nonylphenol and Related Compounds Among Different Aquatic Compartments in Tiber River (Central Italy)

Patrolecco

Capri

Angelis

et al. 2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…There are however many reports on alkylphenolic compounds contamination in rivers and estuaries of European and North American rivers (Jonkers et al 2003;Vitali et al 2004;Patrolecco et al 2006;Cantero et al 2006;Loss et al 2007;Mayer et al 2007;Cespedes et al 2008;Zgoła-Grzes'kowiak et al 2009;Ribeiro et al 2009;Brix et al 2010) as well as in Asian rivers (Furuichi et al 2004;Li et al 2004a;Li et al 2007;Basheer and Lee 2004;Jian et al 2006;Ying 2006;Cheng et al 2006;Mingzhu et al 2007;Fu et al 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…However, the SPE cartridges can usually be used once, but the ion exchange resins can be regenerate. The liquid-liquid phase extraction is also used in the phase of sample preparation for HPLC analysis of 4-NP, 4-t-OP and other metabolites of APEs in water samples (Li et al 2003(Li et al , 2004aZafra et al 2003;Vitali et al 2004;Takagai et al 2004;Basheer and Lee 2004;Liu et al 2004;Fu et al 2007;Zgoła-Grzes'kowiak et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC-FLD determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol in surface water samples

Cruceru

Iancu

Petre

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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A simple, sensitive and reliable HPLC-FLD method for the routine determination of 4-nonylphenol, 4-NP and 4-tert-octylphenol, 4-t-OP content in water samples was developed. The method consists in a liquid-liquid extraction of the target analytes with dichloromethane at pH 3.0-3.5 followed by the HPLC-FLD analysis of the organic extract using a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C8 column, isocratic elution with a mixed solvent acetonitrile/water 65:35, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and applying a column temperature of 40°C. The method was validated and then applied with good results for the determination of 4-NP and 4-t-OP in Ialomiţa River water samples collected each month during 2006. The concentration levels of 4-NP and 4-t-OP vary between 0.08-0.17 μg/L with higher values of 0.24-0.37 μg/L in the summer months for 4-NP, and frequently <0.05 μg/L but also between 0.06-0.09 μg/L with higher values of 0.12-0.16 μg/L in July and August for 4-t-OP and were strongly influenced by sesonial and anthropic factors. The method was also applied on samples collected over 2 years 2007 and 2008 from urban wastewaters discharged into sewage or directly into the rivers by economic agents located in 30 Romanian towns. Good results were obtained when the method was used for analysis of effluents discharged into surface waters by 16 municipal wastewater treatment plants, during the year 2008.

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“…The distribution and characteristics of pollution sources along the river affected the spatial variation of NP [1]. There was a direct relationship between concentrations of NP and the presence of urban or industrial activities near the sampling point [12]. Inadequately treated domestic wastewater caused high concentrations of NP in aquatic environment.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Nonylphenol In the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Biodegradation of Nonylphenol in the Environment

Mao

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2012

IJMS

133

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Nonylphenol (NP) is an ultimate degradation product of nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPE) that is primarily used in cleaning and industrial processes. Its widespread use has led to the wide existence of NP in various environmental matrices, such as water, sediment, air and soil. NP can be decreased by biodegradation through the action of microorganisms under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Half-lives of biodegradation ranged from a few days to almost one hundred days. The degradation rate for NP was influenced by temperature, pH and additions of yeast extracts, surfactants, aluminum sulfate, acetate, pyruvate, lactate, manganese dioxide, ferric chloride, sodium chloride, hydrogen peroxide, heavy metals, and phthalic acid esters. Although NP is present at low concentrations in the environment, as an endocrine disruptor the risks of long-term exposure to low concentrations remain largely unknown. This paper reviews the occurrence of NP in the environment and its aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation in natural environments and sewage treatment plants, which is essential for assessing the potential risk associated with low level exposure to NP and other endocrine disruptors.

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Nonylphenols in freshwaters of the hydrologic system of an Italian district: association with human activities and evaluation of human exposure

Cited by 29 publications

References 51 publications

Partition of Nonylphenol and Related Compounds Among Different Aquatic Compartments in Tiber River (Central Italy)

Partition of Nonylphenol and Related Compounds Among Different Aquatic Compartments in Tiber River (Central Italy)

HPLC-FLD determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol in surface water samples

Occurrence and Biodegradation of Nonylphenol in the Environment

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