Nonprotein Nitrogen Contents of Some Grain Legumes

Holt, N. W.; Sosulski, F. W.

doi:10.4141/cjps81-074

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For the whole seed, the recovery of N from AA or the yield of the analysis (amount of N found in 100 g of total N in the sample) was 91.6 g. Three to six per cent of N was present in a non-protein form (Holt and Sosulski 1981;Mosse et a/ 1987). This non-protein fraction was made up of one-third of AA nitrogen (Table 2), which allowed estimation of the non-AA nitrogen of the whole of the seed as 5.9 %.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…proteins and the non-protein fraction) were of approximately similar content: 1 5 2 0 % total N ( Table 1). The non-protein N compounds are arbitrarily defined as being molecules of which the molecular weight is lower than 10 000 Da such as alkaloids, ammonium salts, nucleic acids and also peptides and free AA (Holt and Sosulski 1981). Milling does not modify the balance of the protein fractions in the particles (Table 1).…”

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Amino acid composition of pea (Pisum sativum) proteins and protein profile of pea flour

1990

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The influence of coarse milling on the distribution of the protein jiactions in the particles was studied. The profile in proteins was the same for the diferent classes as that for the whole seed. The second part of the work was devoted to the determination of the amino acid composition of the different nitrogenous jiactions.Pea seeds (Pisum sativum L) are mostly used in pig feed because of their low content of antinutritional factors and their high nutritive value. Pea proteins are, however, deficient in Scontaining amino acids (methionine and cystine) and in tryptophan (Mosse et all987). Although pea albumins are richer in essential amino acids (AA) than globulins, no data are available about the AA profile of the insoluble proteins and the non-protein material of pea seed. As the protein fractions do not have the same nutritive value, milling can accentuate this difference in some feeds, such as cereals, because the distribution of the proteins in the seed is heterogeneous and the different particles do not have the same hardness (Taverner et a1 1981). Furthermore, Horvath et a1 (1989) have shown recently that the protein content and some functional properties of pin-milled and airclassified pea flours depend on the particle size distribution. The milling of peas intended for animal feed is coarser, and it is not known if coarse milling modifies the distribution of the protein fractions in the particles. This paper addresses this problem.A sample of peas (cv Solara) was hammermilled through a 3-mm screen with a hammer mill commonly used for pig nutrition. The sieve analysis was performed with a vibratory sieve shaker (Analysette 3, Fritsch, Idar-Obersbein, FRG). The different size fractions were passed through the 0.5-mm screen of a Pulverisette 14 (Fritsch). The procedures of extraction and quantitation of the protein fractions have been described by Gueguen and Barbot (1988). N was analysed according to the Kjeldahl method. The AA compositions were determined using ion-exchange chromatography. Performic acid treatment was used to oxidise methionine and cystine before hydrolysis. Tryptophan was determined by gel filtration

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Amino acid composition of pea (Pisum sativum) proteins and protein profile of pea flour

1990

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“…In a study carried out by Holt and Soluski (30), NPNs that composed the majority of WSCP were 16%-40%, 25%, and 36%-46% for beans, CCP, and lentils, respectively. WSCP contents were correlated with NPN contents (30). It was thought that the high percentage of NDCP in RL could be due to protease inhibitors (25,26) and the high CF content of RL.…”

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Determination of in situ degradation kinetics of some legume waste not used for human consumption

Evci¹,

Karsli²

2018

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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Four samples from each pulse species (16 samples in total), collected from different regions of Turkey, were utilized in this study. All of the samples were first oven dried in order to determine dry matter content. All of the samples were then divided into two parts, one part for chemical composition Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the chemical composition, in situ ruminal degradation kinetics, and protein fractions of subsieve dry beans (DB), chickpeas (CCP), red lentils (RL), and green lentils (GL). Four samples of those legumes were utilized as replicates and were incubated for up to 48 h in the rumen of 3 rams. RL and CCP had higher organic matter (OM) than DB and GL. Crude protein (CP) was the highest in GL (P < 0.05). Ether extract (EE) concentrations were higher in CCP and DB compared to those of RL and GL (P < 0.05). Crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents were the highest in RL (P < 0.05). The acid insoluble nitrogen (ADIN-N) content was similar in all samples evaluated. While RL had the lowest OM and CP degradability and water-soluble OM and CP concentrations, DB and CCP had the highest potentially degradable OM and CP contents at the end of the 48 h incubation period (P < 0.05). Escaped protein content was the highest in RL and the lowest in DB (P < 0.05). In conclusion, some of the pulse species that are produced locally and not suitable for human consumption can be used in the diet of ruminant animals as a source of protein based on OM and CP degradabilities and escape protein contents.

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“…Many agricultural cereal grains and legumes also are poor sources of ammo acids despite a high concentration of crude protein (Deyoe andShellenberger 1965, Hang et al 1980). We hypothesize that similar discrepancies exist with foods utilized by bobwhites, especially, given the high concentrations of nonamino nitrogen constituents found in many cultivated and weed seed grains (VanEtten et al 1967, Holt andSosulski 1981).…”

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Amino Acid Concentrations in Seed of Preferred Forages of Bobwhites

Boren¹,

Lochmiller²,

Leslie³

et al. 1995

Journal of Range Management

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Nutritional factors have been hypothesized to regulate gaginaceous bid populations such as the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus).Although protein is considered one of the most important and limiting nutrient categories in wild animal populations, we lack a complete understanding of the availability of essential amino acids in foodstuff protein. Seed grains comprise a major component of the annual diet of bobwhites throughout its geographic range. We investigated the concentration of 17 amino acids in seed of 4 highly preferred forages of bobwhites from central Oklahoma. The total nitrogen content of seed was composed of 2843% nonamino nitrogen of limited nutritional value. We provide evidence that crude protein may grossly over estimate true protein. Amino acid content of forages in lieu of crude protein may better describe the nutritional ecology of quail and other gallmaceous birds and provide new insights into the role of nutrition in regulating animal populations.

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Nonprotein Nitrogen Contents of Some Grain Legumes

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Amino acid composition of pea (Pisum sativum) proteins and protein profile of pea flour

Amino acid composition of pea (Pisum sativum) proteins and protein profile of pea flour

Determination of in situ degradation kinetics of some legume waste not used for human consumption

Amino Acid Concentrations in Seed of Preferred Forages of Bobwhites

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