Nonprofit Organizations in American History

Hammack, David C.

doi:10.1177/0002764202045011004

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…An important question is whether they function differently than comparable nonprofits. Research has examined specific subsets of nonprofit and for-profit organizations such as hospitals, nursing homes, and day care centers and the evidence is mixed (for further discussions, see Hammack & Young, 1993;Hansmann, 1987Hansmann, , 1996Rose-Ackerman, 1986;Weisbrod, 1988Weisbrod, , 1998. We will investigate nonprofit and for-profit providers using information about a range of forprofit and nonprofit education and human service providers in our metropolitan sites.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Locations of Nonprofit Organizations and Their For-Profit Counterparts: An Exploratory Analysis

Bielefeld

Murdoch²

2004

Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly

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This research examines the utility of spatial analysis for studying nonprofit sectors and the relations between nonprofits and for-profits. Information was obtained on nonprofit and for-profit education and human service providers in six metropolitan areas. Methods of spatial econometrics were used to examine the determinants of nonprofit locational patterns and the degree to which the locations of nonprofits were influenced by the locations of comparable nonprofits and for-profits. Similar nonprofits were found to be clustered, although the pattern differed across metropolitan areas. For the most part, a model of needs and resources explained the clustering. Exceptions were found, however, indicat-

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Locations of Nonprofit Organizations and Their For-Profit Counterparts: An Exploratory Analysis

Bielefeld

Murdoch²

2004

Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly

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“…19. yüzyılda ülkenin içinde bulunduğu sancılı dönemde STK'lara önemli bir misyon yüklenmiştir. Ayrımcılık hareketlerinin ülkeyi böldüğü bir dönemde STK'lar sosyal barışın (social peace) yerleştirilmesinde yardımcı olmuşlardır (Hammack, 2002(Hammack, : 1655.…”

Section: Ameri̇ka Bi̇rleşi̇k Devletleri̇ İle Türki̇ye öRneği̇: Kisa Bi̇r Karunclassified

“…Devletin değişik kültürdeki bireylere uzanması ve bu kesimlerin taleplerine karşılık vermesi devleti STK'larla işbirliği kurmaya zorlamaktadır. Amerika farklılıklar ülkesi olarak kabul edildiğinden ülkedeki din, etnik köken ve kültür çeşitliliğini STK'lar aracılığıyla iyi bir biçimde yönetebildiği belirtilmektedir bilhassa dinsel çatışmaların (religious conflict) önlenmesinde etkili oldukları görülmektedir (Hammack, 2002(Hammack, : 1640.…”

Section: Ameri̇ka Bi̇rleşi̇k Devletleri̇ İle Türki̇ye öRneği̇: Kisa Bi̇r Karunclassified

“…Ülkede faaliyet gösteren STK'ların ekonomi dışındaki diğer birtakım alanlarda da önemli çalışmalara destek oldukları belirtilmektedir. Bilhassa toplumun ihtiyaç duyduğu temel alanlar olan eğitim ve sağlıkla ilgili çok başarılı modeller kurdukları, hayati projelere imza attıkları hususiyle ülkede eğitim veren pek çok kolej ve üniversitenin bu sektörün öncülüğünde kuruldukları görülmektedir (Hammack, 2002(Hammack, : 1658(Hammack, -1662. ABD, sektörün toplumdaki yeri ve öneminden dolayı bu sektörü tanımış (dikkate almış) ve son dönemlerde bu örgütlere karşı olan desteğini arttırmıştır.…”

Section: Ameri̇ka Bi̇rleşi̇k Devletleri̇ İle Türki̇ye öRneği̇: Kisa Bi̇r Karunclassified

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Si̇vi̇l Toplum Örgütleri̇: Kizilay Örneği̇

Kaya¹

2016

jisr

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ÖzYirminci yüzyılın son çeyreğine girilirken toplumda başta siyaset, ekonomi, sanat, kültür ve teknoloji olmak üzere diğer pek çok alanda önemli değişimler meydana gelmiştir. Bu baş döndürücü değişimler yirmi birinci yüzyılda da tüm hızıyla devam etmektedir. Uzun yıllardan beri toplumu idare eden kurumlar toplumun ihtiyaç duyduğu mal ve hizmetleri sunmada yetersiz kalmış ve yeni kurumların ortaya çıkması zorunlu bir hal almıştır. Sivil toplum kuruluşları yaşanan bu hızlı değişimler sonucu ortaya çıkmış ve giderek önem kazanmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmamızda sivil toplum kuruluşlarının ortaya çıkma sebepleri, zaman içerisinde geçirdikleri değişimler, önemleri ve ülkemizdeki başlıca sorunları üzerinde durulacaktır. Çalışmanın son kısmında ise kapasite ve konumuna göre ülkemizde çok önemli bir sivil toplum kuruluşu olan Kızılay örneği irdelenecektir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları, Kamu Hizmeti, Kızılay, Kamu Sektörü. AbstractClosing to the last quarter of twenty century there have been important changes in the society especially in politics, economy, culture, and technology. These tremendous changes are continuing with the twenty first century. Organizations which rule the society for a long time have been insufficient, so new organizations have been seen. Civil society organizations have been crucial due to the changes. In this study, the reasons for the emergence of civil society organizations, changes seen, the importance of them and main issues in Turkey will be discussed. Finally, according to its capacity and position, Kızılay as an important example of civil society organizations in Turkey will be debated.

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“…As a result, the share of the growing gross domestic product devoted to services in the United States more than doubled, from just over 8% in 1950 to nearly 20% in 1990. Nonprofit organizations provide services rather than goods, so it is not surprising that they grew as American demand for services increased (see Hammack & Young, 1993;Weisbrod, 1998).…”

Section: The Quiet Revolution In the Nonprofit Sector Since 1960mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction: Growth, Transformation, and Quiet Revolution in the Nonprofit Sector Over Two Centuries

Hammack

2001

Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly

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In planning this symposium, we began with four observations:• Formal nonprofit, nongovernment organizations in the United States and other nations have been shaped by national development over a long period of time, beginning not later than the early 19th century; • relations between church and state have powerfully shaped nonprofit activity; • nonprofit, voluntary, and mutual benefit activities of many kinds have waxed and waned over the years; and • nonprofit activity, as a whole, grew slowly from the beginning of the 19th century to about 1960, but amid considerable controversy, has grown much more rapidly in recent years.These broad outlines of the development of nonprofit and voluntary activity have come into focus only in the past 10 years or so, and we still have much to learn. Fortunately, increasing numbers of scholars, based in several disciplines and many countries, are studying these questions. Knowledge of the development of nonprofit activity over the long term is vital to students of current nonprofit trends, to analysts of nonprofit policy, and to campaigners for increased civic participation. It is valuable to efforts to improve the operations and performance of nonprofit organizations. Knowledge of what has hap- The call for papers for this symposium requested contributions that explored and sought to explain the remarkable expansion of the nonprofit sector in the United States over the past 40 or 50 years. Three of the articles that follow responded to this request. The other three responded to another part of the call for "papers that place the recent United States experience in an international or comparative perspective." These articles define the nonprofit sector as including organizations that are separate from the state, not profit distributing, self-governing, and voluntary (Fisher, 1998;; for a very complete analysis, see Hansmann, 1996). They confirm the view that this sector has deep roots in the histories of several western European nations as well as the United States. These articles demonstrate that the nonprofit sector has expanded quite dramatically, and at nearly the same time on both sides of the Atlantic, since 1960. As a group, these articles also support the view that the size of a nation's nonprofit sector depends very largely on fundamental notions about the nature of the nation and the state, and about citizenship and political obligation-and on the institutional arrangements and policies that put these notions into practice. Especially important, it seems clear, are individual rights, the rights and powers of associations and nonprofit corporations, and relations between state and religion. A nation's commitments in these areas influence the number, activities, and diversity of its associations and nonprofit organizations. The size of a nation's nonprofit sector has also depended, in the four nations considered in these articles, on the size and character of government funding, and on the market for health, education, and welfare services (c.f. .In the United States, Fr...

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Nonprofit Organizations in American History

Cited by 30 publications

References 59 publications

The Locations of Nonprofit Organizations and Their For-Profit Counterparts: An Exploratory Analysis

The Locations of Nonprofit Organizations and Their For-Profit Counterparts: An Exploratory Analysis

Si̇vi̇l Toplum Örgütleri̇: Kizilay Örneği̇

Introduction: Growth, Transformation, and Quiet Revolution in the Nonprofit Sector Over Two Centuries

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