Nonoxidative conversion of methane into aromatic hydrocarbons on Ni-Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts

Recent progress in methane dehydroaromatization: From laboratory curiosities to promising technology

“…Figure 3 shows the range of second metal additives tested, including Fe [176−178], Co [176, 179−181], Ni [182,183], Cu [19,20,135], Zn [184,185], Ga [112,178,186], Cr [187], Ag [183,188], In [189], Pd [190], Ir [190], Zr [191], A l [178], W [191,192], P [71,178,193], Li [71], V [191], B [188], Pt [194], Ru [194], Mg [195], Ce [14], La [14], and Re [14]. Of all the metal additives, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Cr, Ag, and In showed the best performance: each was reported to improve the catalytic activity, benzene selectivity, and catalyst stability.…”

Promoters for Improvement of the Catalyst Performance in Methane Valorization Processes

“…The variation of the chemical composition of Мо/ZSM-5 catalysts by the introduction of modifying additives is one of the most effective approaches to improve the process of methane dehydroaromatization. In several works [82][83][84][85] it was shown that the presence of a second metal in addition to molybdenum, can have a substantial effect on the activity, selectivity, and resistance to the coking of Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts. A wide range of metals were studied as promoters: Fe [85][86][87], Co [86,88], Ni [83,89], Cu [88,90], Zn [87,91,92], Ga [93,94], Cr [95], Ag [84,96], Pd [97], Ir [97], V [98], Pt [99], Ru [100], La [101], P [102], etc.…”

“…In several works [82][83][84][85] it was shown that the presence of a second metal in addition to molybdenum, can have a substantial effect on the activity, selectivity, and resistance to the coking of Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts. A wide range of metals were studied as promoters: Fe [85][86][87], Co [86,88], Ni [83,89], Cu [88,90], Zn [87,91,92], Ga [93,94], Cr [95], Ag [84,96], Pd [97], Ir [97], V [98], Pt [99], Ru [100], La [101], P [102], etc. The data on nature (Ni, Ti, Zr, W, Ru, La, Ce, platinum group metals, etc.)…”

“…In [83][84][85] the results of the study of catalytic activity and stability of Мо/ZSM-5 catalysts promoted by nanosized powders (NSP) of Ag, Ni, and Fe are described. All samples were prepared by the method of solid-phase synthesis in a ball vibratory mill.…”

Effect of K Addition and Acidification of Zeolite Support on the Performance of Zr:Mo/Hzsm-5 Modified Catalyst in Methane Aromatization

“…As an alternative possibility, the mechanism of benzene formation via acetylene trimerization on transition metal catalysts was investigated by variety of spectroscopic and kinetic methods [15,16]. The authors agree upon acetylene trimerization via a surface C 4 metallocycle, proposing the following path way for the formation of benzene: acetylene adsorbed on the surface converts into vinylidyne; this can react with gas phase acetylene to form C 4 H 4 intermediate which was identified on the metal surfaces by an intermediate which was identified on the metal surfaces by NEXAFS [17][18][19].…”