Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer of the Head and Neck

Functional lower lip reconstruction with the modified Bernard–Webster flap

“…Additionally, we evaluated further lower lip functions, and it demonstrated ten As adopted in other centers 16,21,26 , our simplified therapeutic approach is an adaptation of more extensive algorithms 19, 26,27 . As the modified 16 Bernard-Webster flap 9 is a reproducible surgical procedure with satisfactory oncological and functional results 16,21,26 , this simplified approach facilitates successful surgical management of a wide spectrum of fullthickness lower lip defects with the exception of oral commissure involvement.…”

“…All patients presented normal objective neurosensory tests 55.3±31.7 (21-120 days) days after lower lip reconstructions, with no permanent neurosensory deficit in the postoperative followup period analyzed. Ten (83.3%) patients were satisfied with the late functional results (Table 2).DISCUSSIONTo date, no surgical technique provides all of the requirements for an ideal lip reconstruction26,27 . The Karapandzic 8 and the Bernard-Webster 9 flaps with its modifications have been two of the most adopted reconstructive options for the management of large lower lip defects.…”

“…The Karapandzic 8 and the Bernard-Webster 9 flaps with its modifications have been two of the most adopted reconstructive options for the management of large lower lip defects. Both flaps8,9 are single-stage procedures26 ; however, as the Karapandzic flap 8 has the potential risk of microstomia and blunting of the oral commissure 27 , the modified Bernard-Webster flap 16 has been the first choice for reconstruction of full-thickness lower lip defects with more than 1/3 of the lower lip length in our center, as adopted in other institutions16,21,26 .We and others16,21,26 adopt the reconstructive technique based on Bernard-Webster's principles 9 because it can be applied to the restoration of extensive full-thickness lower lip defects, including patients with limited residual lower lip -as it does not completely depend on the remaining lower lip tissue to rebuild a new lower lip2,27 . In addition, this particular flap has been considered ideal for the elderly, due to skin laxity, as well as for those patients using…”

The importance of margins in head and neck cancer

“…Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma. As stated previously, basal cell carcinoma is the most common cutaneous malignancy worldwide [57,58,60,61]. Eighty-five percent of all basal cell carcinomas appear in the head and neck region [70,71].…”

Facial Skin Cancer Reconstruction

“…The patient should be screened for variables that may provoke complications, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, tobacco use, hypertension, and anticoagulant use. 3,4 Patient preferences and expectations should be discussed preoperatively to ensure the patient has an accurate understanding of the procedure as well as realistic expectations. 4 It is imperative to thoroughly examine the defect, noting the location, size, shape, and depth.…”