Nonlinear Magnetochemical Effects in Nanotherapy of Walker-256 Carcinosarcoma

Abstract

The biological and medical aspects of magnetochemical effects in nanotherapy of tumors remain poorly studied. The present paper investigates the influence of nonlinear magnetochemical effects of anisotropic magnetic nanodots on an animal tumor model. The magnetic properties and electron spin resonance spectra of magnetic nanodots and doxorubicin were investigated after mechano-magnetochemical synthesis. The results obtained from the analysis of nonlinear kinetics and survival in Walker-256 carcinosarcomabearing animals found a nonlinear dependence between the value of the growth factor, braking ratio, survival rate, tumor redox state, and the treatment by the magnetic nanodot combined with a nonuniform constant magnetic field. To quantify the heterogeneity in microphotographs of Walker-256 carcinosarcoma sections, we applied the entropy parameter. The control (no treatment) group showed the greatest heterogeneity. The lowest value of tumor heterogeneity among animals given treatment was found in groups with the minimum growth factor. Similarly, the lowest entropy value was found in muscle tissue taken from inoculation areas of the tumor. The evidence from this study concluded that inhomogeneous constant magnetic fields with different strength applied to heterogeneous tumor tissues induced different magnetic anisotropy in the magnetic nanodot which had a significant influence on the nonlinear kinetics, redox state, and histological pattern of the tumor.

Effects induced by a 50 Hz electromagnetic field and doxorubicin on Walker-256 carcinosarcoma growth and hepatic redox state in rats

“…The influence of the magnetic and electric components of EMF converts the triplet state of lower electron energy to the excited singlet state in DOX-induced free radicals (Houston et al 2016;Jin et al 2012;Joshi et al 2005;Usselman et al 2014). The magneto-electric effects induce conformational changes in chemotherapeutic agents and, therefore, are critical for DOX intercalation into DNA (Nakata and Hopfinger 1980;Orel et al 2019a). Tumor cells are more susceptible to damage from oxidative stress than normal cells.…”

Remote control of magnetic nanocomplexes for delivery and destruction of cancer cells

“…Further research has consistently shown that non-thermal effects induce tumor cell death. 16,20,74 External EFs can alter the competition between the singlet and the triplet radical pairs and thus change tumor redox state and growth. 75,76 The antitumor effects of MCs and EFs on Walker-256 carcinosarcoma-bearing rats were explained by the change in the electron and proton spin-dependent transport across DX-loaded Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and cellular biomolecules leading to ROS generation.…”

“…The study found a nonlinear dependence between the magnetic field intensity (200 mT, 400 mT, 600 mT), tumor redox state, growth kinetics and animal survival. 20 It is possible to hypothesize a likely mechanism by which MCs affect tumor redox state: entanglement of radical pairs under EFs. If electron spins in a radical pair are initially entangled, the behavior of one electron spin will remain affected by the other.…”

“…15,16 The dual role played by ROS suggests that redox-signaling is part of physiologic processes and disruption of these pathways causes oxidative stress. 17 The two different faces of Janus further contribute to nonlinear dynamics of cancer development 18 across all levels of the organization in living organisms: convergence of mechanochemical, 19 magnetochemical effects, 20 redox signals, 21 gene regulation, 22 cancer cell proliferation, 23 the microenvironment, 24 tumor growth 25,26 and dissemination. 27…”

Efficacy of Combination Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Regional Inductive Moderate Hyperthermia in the Treatment of Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

“…Since electromagnetic radiation can act on anticancer drugs with the free radical mechanism, the activity of these agents is modulated in the tumor area exposed to RIMH. [12][13][14][15] Failure of antioxidant systems to protect against elevated levels of ROS, i.e. lipid peroxidation, protein damage, leads to tumor cell death.…”