Nonlinear light propagation in chalcogenide photonic crystal slow light waveguides

Abstract

Optical nonlinearity can be enhanced by the combination of highly nonlinear chalcogenide glass and photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs) providing strong optical confinement and slow-light effects. In a Ag-As(2)Se(3) chalcogenide PCW, the effective nonlinear parameter γeff reaches 6.3 × 10(4) W(-1)m(-1), which is 200 times larger than that in Si photonic wire waveguides. In this paper, we report the detailed design, fabrication process, and the linear and nonlinear characteristics of this waveguide at silica fiber communication wavelengths. We show that the waveguide exhibits negligible two-photon absorption, and also high-efficiency self-phase modulation and four-wave mixing, which are assisted by low-dispersion slow light.

A rigorous definition of nonlinear parameter γ and effective area A_eff for photonic crystal optical waveguides

“…Here, Method D is also omitted because S ≈ 1. Finally, we investigate the dispersion engineered PC waveguide [28][29][30], as shown in Fig. 4(a).…”

Approximate expressions for estimation of four-wave mixing efficiency in slow-light photonic crystal waveguides

“…(11) can be used in the case where the TPA nonlinear losses can be suppressed. This is usually accomplished concerning materials possessing lower TPA coefficient (β TPA ) frequently referred to as TPA-free materials [23]- [25], which are currently receiving increased attention in signal processing applications. Although this result is known and frequently used in the literature, its derivation provides the underlying idea used in the next sections.…”

Enhanced complete photonic bandgap in a moderate refractive index contrast chalcogenide-air system with connected-annular-rods photonic crystals

“…Making use of the photonic band gap (PBG) property of chalcogenide photonic crystals (PCs), various powerful functional optical devices have been designed or fabricated [2,3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. If the PBG is increased, the performance of these PC devices would be further improved.…”

“…However, currently both the theoretical design and fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) PCs are challenging. Therefore, much attention has been put into the twodimensional (2D) chalcogenide PC [2,3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. In the 2D PC, the modes of light waves could be decomposed into transverseelectric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) polarizations.…”