Nonlinear Electromagnetic Interactions in Energetic Materials

Wood, Mitchell; Dalvit, Diego A. R.; Moore, David S.

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.5.014004

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…In this work we have limited the interaction times and field intensities so that chemical reactions are not triggered. Future extensions of this work will include chemical decomposition of the explosive molecular crystals all the way to ignition, effects due to electro-thermo-mechanical couplings, and the possibility of nonlinear electromagnetic effects in energetic materials [28], among others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscale Electromagnetic Heating in Heterogeneous Energetic Materials Based on X-ray Computed Tomography

Kort-Kamp¹,

Cordes²,

Ioniţă³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. Applied

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Electromagnetic stimulation of energetic materials provides a noninvasive and nondestructive tool for detecting and identifying explosives. We combine structural information based on X-ray computed tomography, experimental dielectric data, and electromagnetic full-wave simulations, to study microscale electromagnetic heating of realistic three-dimensional heterogeneous explosives. We analyze the formation of electromagnetic hot spots and thermal gradients in the explosive-binder meso-structures, and compare the heating rate for various binder systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscale Electromagnetic Heating in Heterogeneous Energetic Materials Based on X-ray Computed Tomography

Kort-Kamp¹,

Cordes²,

Ioniţă³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. Applied

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“…RMD simulations were conducted using the ReaxFF force field, where the bond is automatically calculated based on the bond order determined by the distance between the atoms, and the atomic charge is updated at each time step via the electronegativity equalization method (EEM) . The RMD simulation using ReaxFF is widely used to study HEMs because the reaction of molecules can be analyzed under various conditions. ,,,,− ,,− In the current study, ReaxFF was employed to investigate the shock-induced bursting of the modified nanobombs. Berendsen thermostat was used with a time step of 0.1 fs.…”

Section: Simulation Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable Explosion of Nanobomb by Modifying Nanocontainer and External Shocks

et al. 2020

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The effects of physicochemical modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the explosion dynamics of a nanobomb, comprising nitromethane confined in CNTs, were investigated using nonequilibrium reactive molecular dynamics and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. CNTs with chirality, nitrogen-doping, and monovacancy defect were utilized. All modifications commonly reduced the time for nanobomb bursting under thermal shock and led to an overall similar reaction pathway. Bursting time of chirality-modified nanobomb was shortened by inferior mechanical property, whereas nitrogen-doping and monovacancy modification reduced the time by increased chemical reactivity (i.e., facilitated attachment of reaction intermediates to the nanocontainer). DFT calculations showed that nitrogen-doping and introducing monovacancy defects lowered the activation energy and heat of formation of the Stone−Wales defects and induced high binding energy of the intermediates, whereas chirality modification alone was ineffective. In addition, decomposition of the nanobomb was initiated via another two heating methods (i.e., electric spark and electromagnetic induction). Under a continuous electric field, bursting of nanobomb with electromagnetic induction was much faster due to oscillating frequency. This theoretical exploration of the effects of physicochemical modification of the nanocontainer and the explosion-initiation methods on the explosion of nanobombs provides in-depth understanding of a confined nanostructured high-energy material.

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“…We have also investigated this approach to try and solve some of the challenges associated with THz-TDS. 4 Applied electromagnetic waves of moderate intensity can induce nonlinear effects. For example, frequency conversion in light scattered from energetic materials can be achieved without triggering chemical decomposition.…”

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confidence: 99%