Nonlinear associations between human values and neuroanatomy

Zacharopoulos, George; Hanel, Paul H. P.; Lancaster, Thomas M.; Ihssen, Niklas; Drakesmith, Mark; Foley, Sonya; Maio, Gregory R.; Linden, David Edmund Johannes

doi:10.1080/17470919.2016.1229215

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…This suggests that the importance of the compatriots’ values that are overestimated (e.g., power) are perceived as being less characteristic for oneself. This reasoning is corroborated by literature-linking power values, which tend to be of lower self-importance, to negative outcomes (e.g., Schultz & Zelezny, 1999; Zacharopoulos et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…This moderation-by-value view is indirectly supported by a range of studies finding that certain values relate to outcomes that are generally considered to be negative. For example, the least important value type, power (Schwartz & Bardi, 2001), was found to predict outcomes such as prejudice (Feather & McKee, 2008; Souchon, Maio, Hanel, & Bardin, 2017), negative attitudes toward the environment (Schultz & Zelezny, 1999), or negative traits including callousness, hostility, and manipulativeness (Zacharopoulos et al, 2018). In contrast, universalism and benevolence were negatively related to these outcomes.…”

Section: Perceptions Of Other Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Perception of Family, City, and Country Values Is Often Biased

Hanel

Wolfradt

Coelho

et al. 2018

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

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People often make inferences about the values of other people in their families, cities, and countries, but there are reasons to expect systematic biases in these inferences. Across four studies (N = 1,763), we examined people’s perceptions of the values of their families, fellow citizens of the cities in which they live, and compatriots across three nations (Brazil, Germany, the United Kingdom). Our results show that people systematically misperceive comparison groups’ values. People underestimate the importance that their compatriots ascribe to more important values and overestimate the importance of less important values. This occurs in comparison with their own values, the actual values of the people living in the same city and the actual values of their compatriots. The effect sizes were medium to large. Furthermore, the results occurred independently of participants’ culture, time spent in the culture, and the underlying value model used. These results consistently show that people’s speculations about values in their community and society are biased in a self- and family favoring direction. In addition, we found that the structure of values (e.g., as proposed by Schwartz) holds for perceived family, fellow citizens of the cities in which they live, and compatriots’ values. Overall, our findings suggest that the values of other people are more selfless than is often believed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Perceptions Of Other Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

The Perception of Family, City, and Country Values Is Often Biased

Hanel

Wolfradt

Coelho

et al. 2018

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

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“…1), based on their motivational conflicts and compatibilities, and this pattern has been confirmed in over 80 countries across three decades of research 9 . The model has also been supported using a range of experimental analyses of judgments and behavior, and brain structure 10,11 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Well-being as a function of person-country fit in human values

et al. 2020

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It is often assumed that incongruence between individuals’ values and those of their country is distressing, but the evidence has been mixed. Across 29 countries, the present research investigated whether well-being is higher if people’s values match with those of people living in the same country or region. Using representative samples, we find that person-country and person-region value congruence predict six well-being measures (e.g., emotional well-being, relationship support; N = 54,673). Crucially, however, value type moderates whether person-country fit is positively or negatively associated with well-being. People who value self-direction, stimulation, and hedonism more and live in countries and regions where people on average share these values report lower well-being. In contrast, people who value achievement, power, and security more and live in countries and regions where people on average share these values, report higher well-being. Additionally, we find that people who moderately value stimulation report the highest well-being.

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“…Gouveia, Milfont, & Guerra, ; Hofstede, ; Inglehart, ; Rokeach, ; Schwartz et al, ), while articulating their connections to human attitudes (Maio, Olson, & Bernard, ) and actions (Hitlin & Piliavin, ). Research has also shown how value differences are related to idiosyncratic social experiences and the sociocultural context of each person (Gouveia et al, ), in addition to biological and neurological factors (Leszkowicz, Linden, Maio, & Ihssen, ; Schermer, Vernon, Maio, & Jang, ; Zacharopoulos et al, ; Zahn et al, ). However, despite these advances, research has not examined the crucial question of how people conceptually map their values.…”

Section: Schwartz's Theory Of Basic Human Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Structure of Human Values through Conceptual Representations

et al. 2019

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The present research provides the first direct examination of human values through concept categorization tasks that entail judging the meaning of values. Seven studies containing data from nine samples (N = 1086) in two countries (the UK and Brazil) asked participants to compare the meaning of different values found within influential quasi-circumplex model of values. Different methods were used across experiments, including direct similarity judgment tasks, pile sorting, and spatial arrangement. The results of these diverse conceptual assessments corresponded to spatial configurations that are broadly convergent with Schwartz's model, both between and within participants.

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Nonlinear associations between human values and neuroanatomy

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

The Perception of Family, City, and Country Values Is Often Biased

The Perception of Family, City, and Country Values Is Often Biased

Well-being as a function of person-country fit in human values

Mapping the Structure of Human Values through Conceptual Representations

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