Noninvasive Pulse Wave Analysis for the Early Detection of Vascular Disease

Cohn, Jay N.; Finkelstein, Stanley M.; McVeigh, Gary E.; Morgan, Dennis; LeMay, Lisa; Robinson, Jennifer A.; Mock, James

doi:10.1161/01.hyp.26.3.503

Cited by 432 publications

(332 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Furthermore, Cohn et al 39 found in postmenopausal women with documented atherosclerosis, compared with healthy postmenopausal controls, that the oscillatory but not the capacitive systemic arterial compliance was reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, the sample had been stratified by sex and age (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59), у60 years), in an attempt to recruit the same number of subjects in each stratum. Households were identified from population registries as persons who shared the same address.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Menopause and the characteristics of the large arteries in a population study

et al. 2001

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In previous cross-sectional and longitudinal population studies, we found that the slope of systolic pressure on age was steeper in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. We hypothesised that this observation could be due to a specific effect of menopause on the elasticity of the large arteries. We investigated 315 randomly selected women, aged 30 to 70 years. Based on 5.2 years of follow-up, 166 women were premenopausal and 149 menopausal (44 reaching menopause and 105 postmenopausal). These women were matched on age and body mass index with 315 men. We used a walltracking ultrasound system to measure the diameter, compliance and distensibility of the brachial and the common carotid and femoral arteries as well as carotidfemoral pulse wave velocity. Pulse pressure was determined from 24-h blood pressure recordings. Both in menopausal women (r = 0.37; P Ͻ 0.001) and in matching male controls (r = 0.16; P = 0.04), pulse pressure widened with increasing age. The slope of the 24-h pulse pressure on age was steeper in menopausal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menopause and the characteristics of the large arteries in a population study

et al. 2001

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“…PWA was performed by a trained investigator using the standard technique (26). It was administered in the morning, after the subject had fasted overnight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modified Windkessel model is a mathematical depiction of the vasculature as a number of related components: capacitive compliance (C1 index), oscillatory or reflective compliance (C2 index), inductance, and resistance (systemic vascular resistance), measured during the diastolic decay portion of the cardiac cycle (25). This technique has been validated against invasive tests of arterial compliance (26), and reduced arterial compliance has been demonstrated in patients with hypertension, patients with diabetes, and smokers (27)(28)(29). Increased arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity has also been correlated with coronary atherosclerosis (30) and has been shown to predict coronary events and mortality in patients with hypertension (31,32).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Comparison of two in vivo tests of vascular function

Doornum¹,

McColl²,

Jenkins³

et al. 2003

Arthritis & Rheumatism

126

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Objective. Inflammation appears to play a central role in atherosclerosis, and endothelial damage mediated by systemic inflammation may contribute to the increased cardiovascular mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and pulse wave analysis (PWA) are measures of vascular function. The aim of this study was to determine if FMD and PWA are abnormal in patients with RA.Methods. Twenty-five RA patients and 25 matched healthy controls were studied. All were free of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. FMD was measured in all subjects. PWA was performed in 18 RA patients and 18 controls, with results expressed as large and small artery compliance (C1 and C2). Modified Sharp scores were calculated in 13 RA patients.Results. Results (mean ؎ SD) in RA patients and controls, respectively, were as follows: FMD 107.6 ؎ 4.6% versus 108.5 ؎ 4.1% (P ‫؍‬ 0.49), C1 14.8 ؎ 2.8 ml/mm Hg ؋ 10 versus 17.9 ؎ 3.1 ml/mm Hg ؋ 10 (P ‫؍‬ 0.0033), C2 4.5 ؎ 2.3 ml/mm Hg ؋ 100 versus 7.7 ؎ 3.7 ml/mm Hg ؋ 100 (P ‫؍‬ 0.0039). There was an inverse correlation between C2 and modified Sharp scores in the RA patients (Spearman's rho -0.69, P ‫؍‬ 0.0085).Conclusion. FMD was normal in these RA patients, whereas arterial compliance was markedly reduced. PWA appears to be a more sensitive measure of vascular dysfunction than FMD in RA and may be the preferred surrogate marker of vascular dysfunction in longitudinal studies of RA patients. The inverse correlation between C2 and the modified Sharp score, a measure that reflects disease activity over time, supports the notion that chronic inflammation plays a role in RA-associated atherosclerosis.

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“…[4][5][6] During the recent years, technological progress has enabled reliable measurement of vascular compliance, a means of assessing the early stages of vascular disease. One such technique, arterial pulse-wave contour analysis, involves quantifying the amount of arterial stiffening and can be regarded as a valid marker of generalized atherosclerosis 7,8, as well as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality. [9][10][11] Estimation of vascular compliance may serve as a surrogate end point for morbid risk and treatment benefit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of a rapid weight loss induced by laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding on arterial stiffness, metabolic and inflammatory parameters in patients with morbid obesity

et al. 2006

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Objective: To determine the effect of drastic weight loss on arterial compliance, inflammatory and metabolic parameters in patients with morbid obesity with and without cardiovascular risk factors who underwent laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). Design: Open prospective study, morbidly obese subjects divided into low-and high-risk group were evaluated before and 4 months after LAGB. Subjects: Forty-one Caucasian subjects aged between 16 and 55 years, with morbid (grade 3) obesity (20 low-risk and 21 highrisk subjects) who underwent LAGB and completed a 16-week follow-up. Measurments: Patients were evaluated at baseline and 4 months after LAGB for body mass index (BMI), arterial blood pressure (BP), metabolic factors including lipid profile, HbA1C, insulin, C-peptide, fibrinogen, hs-C reactive protein (CRP) and Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Arterial elasticity of large and small arteries was evaluated using pulse-wave contour analysis method (HDI CR 2000, Eagan, Minnesota) at baseline and after 4 months. Results: Body mass index reduction induced by LABG, from 43.5575.11 to 35.1074.87 in low-risk patients and from 42.9073.22 to 35.0073.24 in high-risk patients, significantly improved small artery elasticity (SAE) from 6.3072.74 to 7.2571.85, in morbidly obese patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors (high-risk group). Improvement in SAE was accompanied by improvement of arterial BP, glucose and lipid metabolism, and reduction of CRP values. Conclusion: Although dramatic weight reduction induced by surgical intervention was associated with similar changes in body weight and significant improvement of metabolic and inflammatory parameters in two groups of obese patients, SAE improved only in high-risk patients.

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Noninvasive Pulse Wave Analysis for the Early Detection of Vascular Disease

Cited by 432 publications

References 26 publications

Menopause and the characteristics of the large arteries in a population study

Menopause and the characteristics of the large arteries in a population study

Screening for atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Comparison of two in vivo tests of vascular function

The effect of a rapid weight loss induced by laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding on arterial stiffness, metabolic and inflammatory parameters in patients with morbid obesity

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