Noninferiority field trial for evaluation of efficacy of ciprofloxacin associated with internal teat sealant as dry-off protocol

Martins, Cristian Marlon de Magalhães Rodrigues; Monteiro, Camylla Pedrosa; Pinheiro, E. S. C; Feckinghaus, Marcelo Arne; Paranhos, Luiz Gustavo; Santos, Marcos Veiga dos

doi:10.1007/s11250-019-01955-6

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Herd and cow were included in the model as random effects. Independent variables (parity, DIM, dry period, and LSSCC at drying off) were tested using univariate analyses, and only those with p ≤ 0.30 were maintained in a multivariable model [4]. The final model was obtained after performing a manual selection and elimination procedure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data are reported as LSM ± SEM unless otherwise stated. The effect of drying off protocols on the CM risk within the first 60 DPP was assessed using Cox regression for competing-risks data with cause-specific hazard of treatment (PHREG procedure, SAS version 9.4; [4]). The end of days at risk was defined as the day after calving that the MQ was identified with CM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An aliquot of 0.01 mL of milk was streaked onto a blood agar plate containing 5% bovine blood. The plates were incubated at 37 • C for 48 h and morphological characteristics of colonies were observed every 24 h. Samples with growth of >2 types of microorganisms were considered as contaminated [4].…”

Section: Microbiological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gram-positive rods were classified according to their micromorphology into Corynebacterium spp., Nocardia spp., Trueperella pyogenes, and Bacillus spp. Yeasts were identified by morphological characteristics with an optical microscopy [4].…”

Section: Microbiological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the dry period of dairy cows, the mammary gland (MG) undergoes physiological and histological changes that affect udder health and milk production of the next lactation [1][2][3]. The dry period is also a good opportunity to treat intramammary infections (IMI) acquired during lactation, although it is also a phase of high risk for the development of new intramammary infections (NIMI; [4]) that can evolve to clinical mastitis (CM) in subsequent lactation [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internal Teat Sealant Administered at Drying off Reduces Intramammary Infections during the Dry and Early Lactation Periods of Dairy Cows

Freu

Tomazi

Monteiro

et al. 2020

Animals

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The effect of an internal teat sealant (ITS) on subsequent infection of the mammary gland was evaluated on the following mammary gland health indicators: (a) bacteriological cure of preexisting intramammary infections at drying off, (b) risk of postpartum new intramammary infections (NIMI), (c) cure and risk of new cases of subclinical mastitis (SCM), and (d) risk of postpartum clinical mastitis (CM). A total of 553 cows during late gestation were randomly assigned into two treatment protocols at drying off: (a) Dry cow therapy with 0.25 g of intramammary anhydrous cefalonium (ADCT; Cepravin®, MSD Animal Health); or (b) ADCT combined with ITS (SDCT; 4 g bismuth subnitrate; Masti-Seal®, MSD Animal Health, São Paulo, Brazil). Mammary quarter (MQ) milk samples were collected for microbiological culture and somatic cell count (SCC) at drying off and early lactation, and data from 1756 MQ were used in the multivariate logistic regression. There was no effect on the risk of bacteriological cure, SCM cure, and new cases of postpartum SCM. Still, SDCT reduced the risk of CM up to 60 days postpartum (DPP), overall NIMI risk, and the NIMI caused by major pathogens compared to ADCT. Thus, the DCT combined with ITS at drying off is effective for preventing NIMI during the dry period and CM up to 60 DPP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Internal Teat Sealant Administered at Drying off Reduces Intramammary Infections during the Dry and Early Lactation Periods of Dairy Cows

Freu

Tomazi

Monteiro

et al. 2020

Animals

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Advances in therapeutic and managemental approaches of bovine mastitis: a comprehensive review

Sharun

Dhama

Tiwari

et al. 2021

Veterinary Quarterly

154

103

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Mastitis (intramammary inflammation) caused by infectious pathogens is still considered a devastating condition of dairy animals affecting animal welfare as well as economically incurring huge losses to the dairy industry by means of decreased production performance and increased culling rates. Bovine mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary glands/udder of bovines, caused by bacterial pathogens, in most cases. Routine diagnosis is based on clinical and subclinical forms of the disease. This underlines the significance of early and rapid identification/detection of etiological agents at the farm level, for which several diagnostic techniques have been developed. Therapeutic regimens such as antibiotics, immunotherapy, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, probiotics, stem cell therapy, native secretory factors, nutritional, dry cow and lactation therapy, genetic selection, herbs, and nanoparticle technology-based therapy have been evaluated for their efficacy in the treatment of mastitis. Even though several strategies have been developed over the years for the purpose of managing both clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis, all of them lacked the efficacy to eliminate the associated etiological agent when used as a monotherapy. Further, research has to be directed towards the development of new therapeutic agents/techniques that can both replace conventional techniques and also solve the problem of emerging antibiotic resistance. The objective of the present review is to describe the etiological agents, pathogenesis, and diagnosis in brief along with an extensive discussion on the advances in the treatment and management of mastitis, which would help safeguard the health of dairy animals.

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Efficacy of antimicrobial therapy in association with vaccination on the bacteriological cure of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus in lactating cows

et al. 2022

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the antibiotic therapy associated with vaccination on the microbiological cure rate of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus in lactating dairy cows. A total of five herds, from which 72 cows (120 mammary quarters - MQ) were diagnosed with S. aureus subclinical mastitis, were included in this study. Cows were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups: a) Control (no treatment); b) ATB (antibiotic therapy); and c) ATB+VAC (antibiotic therapy plus vaccination against S. aureus). Intramammary treatment consisted of twice-daily infusion of ampicillin 75mg + cloxacillin 200mg, for 5 days. Parenteral treatment was done by injection of a single dose (7.5mg/kg) of enrofloxacin, on the first day of the treatment protocol. Vaccinated cows received three doses of a commercial vaccine 14 days before treatment (d-14), on the first day of treatment protocol (d1), and 14 days after the treatment protocol (d+14). Non-treated cows had a lower cure rate (0.06) than cows treated with ATB (0.84) and ATB+VAC (0.85). No difference in cure rate was observed between cows treated with ATB and ATB+VAC. On the other hand, vaccinated cows had lower somatic cell count (SCC) after 28 days of the treatment protocols (4.76 log10) than non-treated cows (5.37 log10). In conclusion, treatment with intramammary ampicillin and cloxacillin, associated with intramuscular enrofloxacin presented a high cure rate for SCM caused by S. aureus during lactation. The use of vaccination against S. aureus in association with antibiotic therapy did not increase the cure rate of MQ during lactation, but it was effective in reducing the SCC when compared to non-treated MQ. Although to ensure that the decrease of the SCC in ATB+VAC group was associated with the vaccination, the study should have included an additional group of only vaccinated cows, without antimicrobial therapy, with was not done in the present study, and therefore is one of the limitations of the experimental protocol used.

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Noninferiority field trial for evaluation of efficacy of ciprofloxacin associated with internal teat sealant as dry-off protocol

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Internal Teat Sealant Administered at Drying off Reduces Intramammary Infections during the Dry and Early Lactation Periods of Dairy Cows

Internal Teat Sealant Administered at Drying off Reduces Intramammary Infections during the Dry and Early Lactation Periods of Dairy Cows

Advances in therapeutic and managemental approaches of bovine mastitis: a comprehensive review

Efficacy of antimicrobial therapy in association with vaccination on the bacteriological cure of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus in lactating cows

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