Internal Teat Sealant Administered at Drying off Reduces Intramammary Infections during the Dry and Early Lactation Periods of Dairy Cows

Freu, Gustavo; Tomazi, Tiago; Monteiro, Camylla Pedrosa; Barcelos, Melina Melo; Santos, Marcos Veiga dos

doi:10.3390/ani10091522

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…agalactiae are recommended to be treated with antimicrobials during lactation (Keefe, 2012), whereas for Strep. dysgalactiae, treatment using dry cow therapy would be more adequate, resulting in cure risk close to 100% (Whist et al, 2007;Freu et al, 2020). Regarding the diagnosis of cows with CM caused by Strep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of chromogenic culture media for rapid identification of microorganisms isolated from cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis

Granja

Fidelis

Garcia

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance (specificity, Sp; sensitivity, Se; accuracy; positive predictive value; negative predictive value; and Cohen's kappa coefficient, κ, of agreement) of chromogenic culture media for rapid identification of microorganisms isolated from cows with clinical (CM) and subclinical mastitis (SCM). For this, 2 experiments were carried out: evaluation of (1) biplate, and (2) triplate of chromogenic culture media for rapid identification of mastitis-causing microorganisms. For the evaluation of diagnostic performance, identification of microorganisms by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was considered the standard methodology. In experiment 1, 476 milk samples collected from cows with CM and 660 from cows with SCM were evaluated by inoculation in 2 selective chromogenic culture media (CHROMagar) for gram-positive bacteria and another for gram-negative bacteria. In experiment 2, 476 milk samples from cows with CM and 500 from cows with SCM were evaluated by inoculation in triplate chromogenic culture media (Smartcolor2, Onfarm), selective for Streptococcus and Strep-like organisms, Staphylococcus, and gram-negative bacteria. In experiment 1 for the CM samples, the use of biplates with gram-positive and gram-negative culture media showed Se that ranged from 0.56 (0.32-0.81; Staphylococcus aureus) to 0.90 (0.80-0.99 Streptococcus uberis), Sp varied from 0.94 (0.92-0.96; Strep. uberis) to 1.00 (Prototheca spp. or yeast), and κ ranged from 0.47 (0.26-0.67; Staph. aureus) to 0.84 (0.78-0.9; Escherichia coli). The Se of biplates for SCM samples ranged from 0.50 (0.15-0.85; E. coli) to 0.94 (0.87-1.00; Staph. aureus), Sp varied from 0.95 (0.93-0.97; Strep. uberis) to 0.99 (0.98-1.00; Staph. aureus and Strep. Agalactiae or dysgalactiae), and κ ranged from 0.18 (0.00-0.40; Escherichia coli) to 0.88 (0.80-0.95; Staph. aureus). In experiment 2, the Se of the triplate chromogenic media in CM samples ranged from 0.09 (0.00-0.26; Serratia spp.) to 0.94 (0.85-1.00; Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp.), Sp varied from 0.94 (0.92-0.96; Strep. agalactiae and Strep. dysgalactiae) to 1.00 (Serratia spp.) and κ ranged from 0.07 (0.00-0.24; Serratia spp.) to 0.85 (0.75-0.94; Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp.). For SCM samples, the use of the triplate with the chromogenic culture media showed Se that varied from 0.25 (0.10-0.40; Lactococcus spp.) to 1.00 (Strep. Agalactiae or dysgalactiae), Sp ranged from 0.92 (0.90-0.94; Strep. Agalactiae and Strep. dysgalactiae) to 0.99 (0.98-1.00; Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp.), and κ varied from 0.28 (0.00-0.72; E. coli) to 0.72 (0.60-0.82; Staph. aureus). Our results suggest that the diagnostic accuracy of the biplate and triplate of chromogenic culture media varies according to pathogen, and the results of chromogenic culture media may be useful for rapid decision-making on mastitis treatment protocols of the main mastitis-causing microorganisms, but their use for implementation of mastitis control measures will depend on each farm specific needs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of chromogenic culture media for rapid identification of microorganisms isolated from cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis

Granja

Fidelis

Garcia

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Our study showed that there were no significant differences in odds of clinical mastitis post-calving between the trial groups, which was in agreement with previous studies despite differences in study design [ 10 , 11 ]. Others have reported significant differences in post-calving clinical mastitis between cows treated at dry-off with AB + TS compared to AB only, which could be attributed to differences in herds and their management practices, or to the statistical methods used [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Intramammary Antibiotics, Internal Teat Sealants, or Both at Dry-Off in Dairy Cows: Clinical Mastitis and Culling Outcomes

et al. 2022

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Intramammary antibiotic (AB) and internal teat sealants (TS) infusion at dry-off have been used to prevent intramammary infections (IMI) in dairy cows during the dry period and reduce the risk of mastitis during the dry period and subsequent lactation. A randomized clinal trial was completed on eight California dairy herds to estimate the effects of different dry cow therapies (AB, TS, AB + TS or None) on clinical mastitis and culling. A total of 1273 cows were randomized to one of the four treatment groups over summer and winter seasons. For each enrolled cow, microbiological testing was done on quarter milk samples collected from the first detection of clinical mastitis within the first 150 days in milk (DIM) in the subsequent lactation. Statistical analysis was done using generalized linear mixed models. There were no significant differences in the odds of clinical mastitis or culling between cows treated with AB, TS, or AB + TS compared to the controls. Dry cow therapy with AB and/or TS had no statistically significant effect on clinical mastitis and cow culling during the first 150 DIM.

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“…Following the infusion of ATB, each teat received ITS and was then submerged in a commercial iodine-based teat dip (1% iodine, Della Barrier, DeLaval, Tumba, Sweden). To ensure that the ITS stayed in the teat canal, the teat base was held with two fingers and no massage was given, as described by previous researchers [ 2 ]. Farm personnel administered both protocols.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dry cow therapy (DCT) refers to the intramammary administration of antimicrobials, which can be performed either in association with internal teat sealant (ITS) or not, to cure intramammary infections (IMI) acquired during lactation and to prevent the occurrence of new intramammary infections (NIMI) during the dry period [ 1 , 2 ]. Using DCT in all cows (also known as blanket DCT) results in the use of antibiotics (ATB) in healthy cows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Selective Dry Cow Therapy Adopted in a Brazilian Farm on Bacterial Diversity and the Abundance of Quarter Milk

Gonçalves

Young

Leite

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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We aimed to evaluate the impact of selective dry cow therapy (SDCT) (protocol 1: antimicrobial combined with internal teat sealant (ITS); vs. protocol 2: ITS alone) on bacterial diversity and the abundance of quarter milk. Eighty high production cows (parity ≤ 3 and an average milk yield of 36.5 kg/cow/day) from the largest Brazilian dairy herd available were randomly selected; milk quarter samples were collected for microbiological culture (MC) on the day of drying-off (n = 313) and on day 7 post-calving (n = 313). Based on the results of the MC before and after calving, 240 quarters out of 313 were considered healthy, 38 were cured, 29 showed new infections and 6 had persistent infections. Mammary quarters were randomly selected based on intramammary information status and SDCT protocols for bacterial diversity analyses. The bacterial diversity was similar when comparing both healthy and cured quarters submitted to both drying-off protocols. Despite healthy cows that were treated at dry-off using only teat sealant showing no alteration in the alpha and beta bacterial diversity, they did show a higher abundance of bacterial groups that may be beneficial to or commensals of the mammary gland, which implies that antibiotic therapy should be reserved for mammary quarters with a history of mastitis.

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Internal Teat Sealant Administered at Drying off Reduces Intramammary Infections during the Dry and Early Lactation Periods of Dairy Cows

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Evaluation of chromogenic culture media for rapid identification of microorganisms isolated from cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis

Evaluation of chromogenic culture media for rapid identification of microorganisms isolated from cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis

Effectiveness of Intramammary Antibiotics, Internal Teat Sealants, or Both at Dry-Off in Dairy Cows: Clinical Mastitis and Culling Outcomes

The Impact of Selective Dry Cow Therapy Adopted in a Brazilian Farm on Bacterial Diversity and the Abundance of Quarter Milk

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