Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruit Polysaccharides Regulated IBD Mice Via Targeting Gut Microbiota: Association of JNK/ERK/NF-κB Signaling Pathways

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease characterized by intestinal inflammation with immune dysregulation and intestinal microecological imbalance. In a dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced IBD mouse model, noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit polysaccharides (NFP) with homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan-I domain decreased the concentration of serum LPS, TNF-α, and IL-17 by 84, 42, and 65%, respectively. It was abolished when intestinal microbiota were depleted by antibiotics. Sequencing analysis of gut microbiota showed an attenuated disruption of the microbial composition in the DSS+NFP group. Targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that NFP upregulated the content of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid by onefold but reduced isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid contents. NFP also inhibited JNK, ERK, and NF-κB phosphorylation of IBD mice. Taken together, the mechanism of NFP alleviating IBD is related to the intestinal microecological balance to inhibit inflammatory signaling pathways. This study provides a basis for NFP as a cheap intervention for the prevention and treatment of IBD patients.

Ameliorative Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae JKSP39 on Fusobacterium nucleatum and Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Mouse Model

“…In recent years, the prevalence of IBD has generally increased around the world. 2 The imbalanced gut microbiota can interact with the host and affects human health through affecting the intestinal mucosal immunity. 3,4 The pathogenic microorganisms in the colon can be sensed by NOD-like receptors and toll-like receptors on Paneth cells, innate immune cells, and epithelial cells.…”

Fermented noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit juice improved oxidative stress and insulin resistance under the synergistic effect of Nrf2/ARE pathway and gut flora in db/db mice and HepG2 cells

“…Alpha diversity analysis is used to analyze the diversity of gut microbiota within a community 36 and reflects the richness and diversity of the gut microbial system. The Shannon index reflects the total number of categories in the community and their proportion.…”

“…32,33 Fermented noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit juice (FNJ) as a functional food from the family Rubiaceae has been confirmed to possess antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and gut microbiota regulation activities. [34][35][36][37] Furthermore, fresh noni fruit polysaccharide can also regulate gut microflora and short chain fatty acid production and lower the colonic barrier permeability and metabolic endotoxemia and thus reduce liver oxidative stress and inflammation in high-fat fed rats. 38 Noni wine can effectively reduce high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress and obesity by improving body lipid metabolism, reducing fatty acid synthesis, and promoting fatty acid β-oxidation in mice.…”

The effects of supplementation of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit polysaccharides-rich extract on antioxidant status and immune function in cashmere goats

“…Therefore, fruit processing, such as juicing and extracting to improve product life has attracted much attention ( Kongpuckdee et al, 2020 ; Ezzat et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2021 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ). Fruit extracts contain polysaccharides that have been found to exhibit various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory ( Jin et al, 2021 ), antitumor ( Furusawa et al, 2003 ), and enhancing cell-mediated immune responses ( Nayak and Mengi, 2010 ). The extract also protected the intestinal mucosal barrier in mice from inducing inflammatory bowel disease ( Jin et al, 2019 ), and reverse edema, leukocyte migration, and inflammatory nociception in mice ( Sousa et al, 2018 ).…”

“…So far, the research on noni fruit polysaccharides is focused on the extraction procedure, and analyses of chemical structures and pharmacological activity of effective compounds, mainly in humans and mice ( Chen et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2020 ; Yang et al, 2020 ; Jin et al, 2021 ). In view of the functions of anti-oxidants and immune regulation of noni fruit in humans and other species of animals, we hypothesized that noni fruit polysaccharides could improve oxidative defense and immune regulation in cashmere goats to counteract oxidative stress that may incur under intensive-rearing conditions.…”