Nonenzymatic continuous glucose monitoring in human whole blood using electrified nanoporous Pt

A patch type non-enzymatic biosensor based on 3D SUS micro-needle electrode array for minimally invasive continuous glucose monitoring

“…Output signal through the fabricated glucose sensor was indicated from 0 to 1000 and we recorded the output signal. This signal and blood glucose level through the glucose analyzer (YSI 2300 STAT) was compared and calibrated by using linear regression analysis, which can be estimated based on equation [CG] = a x [OUT] + b, where CG is a calibrated glucose level, a is slope of calibration curve, OUT is output signal from glucose sensor, and b is a constant of calibration curve [20]. The parameter a and b were indicated to 0.2829 and 104.1611, respectively.…”

“…Lee et al reported the detailed fabrication sequence of nafion membrane [19]. The nafion membrane, which is well-known as bio-compatible material and protective layer for biosensors, makes the glucose and interferences being oxidized on Pt surface without any morphological variation of Pt surface [20]. Fig.…”

“…Using a urine dipstick is a predominant index for diabetes, and has some limitations of detection of low glucose level [2]. So, continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) have received much attention, as these present an attractive method to continuously monitor and control glucose level unconsciously [3]. The CGMS consists of a patch type module with integration of minimally invasive sensing micro-needles and a handheld monitor, which remotely receives sensing results, and analyzes the data [4].…”

Electroactivity of nanoporous platinum depending on the porosity and potential for various electrode reactions

“…oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) [1][2][3][4], glucose oxidation [4][5][6][7][8][9], H 2 O 2 oxidation/reduction [2,4,10,11], pH measurement [12]), having wide applications such as fuel cell [1][2][3]6,13], chemical/biosensors [2,5,[7][8][9][10][11]14], pH sensor [12], and immunosensors [15]. Enhanced electroactivity of npPt compared to bulk Pt had been mainly attributed to its enlarged surface area [3,10,16].…”

A non-enzymatic glucose amperometric biosensor based on a simple one-step electrodeposition of Cu microdendrites onto single-walled carbon nanohorn-modified electrode

“…The glucose content in normal human body is 3-8 mmol L −1 [1]. High blood glucose level can lead to diabetes and other complications such as heart diseases, kidney failure, and blindness [2,3]. On the contrary, it can make people dizzy, weak, and insensible when the blood glucose level is too low.…”