Non-Viable Lactobacillus johnsonii JNU3402 Protects against Diet-Induced Obesity

Abstract

In this study, the role of non-viable Lactobacillus johnsonii JNU3402 (NV-LJ3402) in diet-induced obesity was investigated in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). To determine whether NV-LJ3402 exhibits a protective effect against diet-induced obesity, 7-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet, an HFD, or an HFD with NV-LJ3402 for 14 weeks. NV-LJ3402 administration was associated with a significant reduction in body weight gain and in liver, epididymal, and inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue weight in HFD-fed mice. Concomitantly, NV-LJ3402 administration to HFD-fed mice also decreased the triglyceride levels in the plasma and metabolic tissues and slightly improved insulin resistance. Furthermore, NV-LJ3402 enhanced gene programming for energy dissipation in the WATs of HFD-fed mice as well as in 3T3-L1 adipocytes with increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) transcriptional activity, suggesting that the PPARγ pathway plays a key role in mediating the anti-obesity effect of NV-LJ3402 in HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, NV-LJ3402 administration in HFD-fed mice enhanced mitochondrial levels and function in WATs and also increased the body temperature upon cold exposure. Together, these results suggest that NV-LJ3402 could be safely used to develop dairy products that ameliorate diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia.

Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Differently Modulate Gut Microbiota and Metabolic and Immunological Parameters in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

“…In contrast, CRL1446 and CRL1434 strains showed BWG and FCR effects, inducing a significant decrease in both nutritional parameters. Many studies conducted in obese animals demonstrated decreased BWG, food consumption, or fat accumulation after probiotic supplementation (27)(28)(29)(30). Also, in a previous study, in a 98-days metabolic syndrome model in mice, CRL1446 strain maintained its anti-obesogenic effect (14).…”

Pediococcus acidilactici FZU106 alleviates high-fat diet-induced lipid metabolism disorder in association with the modulation of intestinal microbiota in hyperlipidemic rats

“…Recent study by Zhu et al (2021) revealed that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) regulates lipid absorption in the intestinal tract by altering the intestinal microbiota composition, which greatly affects the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Romboutsia in the intestine. It is reported that Lactobacillus and Romboutsia are involved in maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier function, and their metabolites regulate lipid metabolism, thereby improving HFD-induced hyperlipidemia ( Li et al, 2019 ; Russell et al, 2019 ; Yang et al, 2020 ). Based on the genus level analysis, we found that excessive consumption of high-fat diet induced significant reductions in the abundance of beneficial bacterial phylotypes, especially SCFAs-producing bacteria, including Romboutsia , Turicibacter , Ruminococcaceae_ UCG_005, Ruminococcaceae_ UCG-013, Lachnospiraceae _NK4A136_group, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto _1 ( Xie et al, 2017 ; Mao et al, 2012 ; Zhong et al, 2015 ; Lanjekar et al, 2015 ).…”

“…[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes _group, a cholesterol-reducing anaerobe in feces, has been found decreased in the HFD-induced hyperlipidemic rats and could generate beneficial SCFAs and have beneficial effects on dyslipidemia ( Freier et al, 1994 ; Wan et al, 2019 ; Si et al, 2018 ). Previous study had shown that [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes _group can decompose cholesterol into sterols that cannot be absorbed in the intestine and is finally excreted with feces ( Yang et al, 2020b ). In addition, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes _group is considered to be the pivotal genus in the fecal microecosystem mediating the effect of HFD on dyslipidemia through sphingosine ( Wei et al, 2021 ).…”

Faecal microbiota transplantation‐mediated jejunal microbiota changes halt high‐fat diet‐induced obesity in mice via retarding intestinal fat absorption

“…Similar to previous studies reporting that Lachnospiraceae and its genus Lachnoclostridium was associated with obesity (Zhao et al ., 2017; Li et al ., 2020), our results indicated that microbiota changes induced by HFD shifted towards obesity‐associated microbiota. Interestingly, it was particularly evident that wild boar faecal bacteria increased the abundance of Romboutsia and Lactobacillus such as Lactobacillus_johnsonii and Lactobacillus_reuteri , which have been reported to be involved in regulating lipid metabolism, maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier function and improving diet‐induced obesity and hyperlipidaemia (Li et al ., 2019; Russell et al ., 2019; Yang et al ., 2020). Overall, these results also further supported that FMT could transfer the host phenotype and that wild boar faecal bacteria reshape the microbiota of the mouse jejunum.…”