Non-vector-borne transmission of Zika virus: A systematic review

Grischott, Franca; Puhan, Milo A.; Hatz, Christoph; Schlagenhauf, Patricia

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.07.002

Cited by 117 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…These observations indicate that ZIKV, similarly to DENV, assembles and accumulates its progeny virions in the ER sacs 39 where a subset of ER-associated signal peptidase complex proteins is responsible for the proper cleavage of flavivirus structural proteins and secretion of viral particles 40 . Very recently, ZIKV has been detected in the FRT after the onset of clinical symptoms 41 and both male-to-female 15,42 and female-to-male transmission 20 have been documented suggesting that this vector-independent route of viral transmission might have occurred more frequently than reported. Furthermore, ZIKV presence in the FRT can foster vertical transmission from mother to fetus, as recently demonstrated in a mouse model of vaginal virus infection 13 and previously demonstrated for other members of the Flaviviridae family such as hepatitis C virus, in which vertical transmission from mother to child can occur in up to 10% of pregnancies 41 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Vector-independent transmission of ZIKV among humans can indeed occur through the sexual route 14 . Male-to-female transmission has been reported in approximately 15 cases thus far 15 . ZIKV sexual transmission is also supported by both the detection of higher viral load in semen vs. blood and by the persistence of ZIKV in semen for several months after waning of symptoms [16][17][18][19] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Endometrial Stromal Cells Are Highly Permissive To Productive Infection by Zika Virus

Pagani

Ghezzi

Ulisse

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Zika virus (ZIKV) is a recently re-emerged flavivirus transmitted to humans by mosquito bites but also from mother to fetus and by sexual intercourse. We here show that primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESC) are highly permissive to ZIKV infection and support its in vitro replication. ZIKV envelope expression was detected in the endoplasmic reticulum whereas double-stranded viral RNA colocalized with vimentin filaments to the perinuclear region. ZIKV productive infection also occurred . A global health emergency was triggered at the end of 2015 by the observation of an increased incidence of microcephaly that was associated with the temporal and geographic distribution of ZIKV infection in the North East Brazil 4 . Increasing evidence now clearly supports a cause-effect relationship between congenital ZIKV transmission and increased frequency of mild to severe neuropathologies including microcephaly 5,6 . ZIKV was detected in the amniotic fluid of pregnant women 7 suggesting that the placenta might be permissive to virus passage. This condition likely occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy 8 , although placental cells appear to be protected against ZIKV infection by a constitutive interferon (IFN)-λ 1 response 9 . Indeed, three recent studies showed that human primary placental macrophages, trophoblasts and fibroblasts of the maternal decidua basalis were permissive to ZIKV productive infection in vitro [10][11][12] . Additional studies demonstrated that ZIKV can cross the placental barrier either via uterine vessels or by an ascending route as recently demonstrated in a mouse model of vaginal ZIKV infection 13 . Vector-independent transmission of ZIKV among humans can indeed occur through the sexual route 14 . Male-to-female transmission has been reported in approximately 15 cases thus far 15 . ZIKV sexual transmission is also supported by both the detection of higher viral load in semen vs. blood and by the persistence of ZIKV in semen for several months after waning of symptoms [16][17][18][19] . More recently, female-to-male sexual transmission of ZIKV infection was also documented 20 . These observations imply a potentially prominent role of the female reproductive tract (FRT) as a site of virus infection and propagation either from and to the male partner during

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Endometrial Stromal Cells Are Highly Permissive To Productive Infection by Zika Virus

Pagani

Ghezzi

Ulisse

et al. 2016

Preprint

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“…This virus is transmitted through mosquitos, as well as via blood transfusion and also from mother to fetus during pregnancy (Wikan and Smith, 2016). Reports also suggest the possibility of sexual transmission (Grischott et al, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsically Disordered Side of the Zika Virus Proteome

Giri

Kumar

Sharma

et al. 2016

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Over the last few decades, concepts of protein intrinsic disorder have been implicated in different biological processes. Recent studies have suggested that intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) provide structural plasticity and functional diversity to viral proteins that are involved in rapid replication and immune evasion in host cells. In case of Zika virus, the roles of protein intrinsic disorder in mechanisms of pathogenesis are not completely understood. In this study, we have analyzed the prevalence of intrinsic disorder in Zika virus proteome (strain MR 766). Our analyses revealed that Zika virus polyprotein is enriched with intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs) and this finding is consistent with previous reports on the involvement of IDPs in shell formation and virulence of the Flaviviridae family. We found abundant IDPRs in Capsid, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, and NS5 proteins that are involved in mature particle formation and replication. In our view, the intrinsic disorder-focused analysis of ZIKV proteins could be important for the development of disorder-based drugs.

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“…Diğer bir yaygın bulaş yolu olarak anneden bebeğe geçiş (intrauterin yol ve perinatal bulaş) öne sürülmüştür (36,37) . Brezilya'da yapılan bir çalışmada hamilelik döneminde enfeksiyon geçiren bazı kadınların amniyotik sıvı örneklerinde ve abortik fetüslerin beyin dokusu örneklerinde viral RNA varlığı gösterilmiştir (9,29,36) .…”

Section: Bulaş Ve Korunmaunclassified

“…Brezilya'da yapılan bir çalışmada hamilelik döneminde enfeksiyon geçiren bazı kadınların amniyotik sıvı örneklerinde ve abortik fetüslerin beyin dokusu örneklerinde viral RNA varlığı gösterilmiştir (9,29,36) . Cinsel temas, kan transfüz-yonu, anne sütü ve diğer vücut sıvıları (tükürük, idrar, semen, gözyaşı) ile temas olası bulaş yolları olarak öne sürülmüştür (37)(38)(39) . Yeni yayımla-nan bir olgu sunumunda enfekte bir hastanın bakımını yapan bir kişiye doğrudan temasla Zika virus enfeksiyonu bulaştığını gösteren verilere ulaşılmıştır (40) .…”

Section: Bulaş Ve Korunmaunclassified