Non-tariff measures, preferential trade agreements, and prices: new evidence

Cadot, Olivier; Gourdon, Julien

doi:10.1007/s10290-015-0242-9

Cited by 86 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For NTMs we use AVEs at the destination country–product level estimated in Cadot and Gourdon (, ). The AVEs were computed for 45 countries and three types of measures, type‐A measures (SPS), type‐B measures (TBT), and “other” measures (essentially quantitative restrictions) .…”

Section: Data and Descriptive Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Foreign import tariffs are computed as the average over the period of the corresponding country–pair–product–year applied tariffs in order to smooth out missing values. For NTMs we use ad valorem equivalents (AVEs) at the destination country–product level estimated from Cadot and Gourdon (, ). Products are defined at the six‐digit level of the Harmonized System.…”

Section: Data and Descriptive Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trade Policy and Market Power: Firm‐level Evidence

Asprilla

Berman

Cadot

et al. 2019

Int Economic Review

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This article identifies the effect of trade policy on market power through new data and a new identification strategy. We identify market power by observing how exporting firms price discriminate across markets following variations in bilateral exchange rates. Pricing‐to‐market is prevalent in all countries in our sample, even among small firms, although it is increasing in firm size. More importantly, we find that the effect of nontariff measures (NTMs) is not isomorphic to that of tariffs. Whereas tariffs reduce the market power of foreign firms through rent‐shifting effects, NTMs reinforce the market power of nonexiting firms, domestic and foreign alike.

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Section: Data and Descriptive Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data and Descriptive Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trade Policy and Market Power: Firm‐level Evidence

Asprilla

Berman

Cadot

et al. 2019

Int Economic Review

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…International food trade has grown as trade agreements among nations are increasing in numbers (Beckman & Arita, ; Cadot & Gourdon, ), in these agreements food quality and safety are major requirements over tariffs and custom duties to allow foodstuffs being introduced into one country as imported agricultural products. Then, inspection stations are mainly concerned to certify that food products to be imported to the country fulfill all food quality and safety established by the country the food will be imported to (Charlebois & Summan, ; Henson & Heasman, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of inspectors and protocols applied to imported food in inspections stations

Maldonado‐Simán

Martı́nez-Hernández

Zaragoza-Ramírez

et al. 2019

Journal of Food Safety

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To characterize food inspection agents, facilities and protocols in the importation of food, a questionnaire was applied to agents at six Mexico's entry ports, 91 (76%) agents returned complete questionnaires. Data analysis was by χ2. Over 80% of agents had bachelor's degree; 75% with two or less years on the job; 81%, 35 years old or younger; and, 52 to 79% examined other products besides food of animal origin. Over 60% of the agents took more than 20 minutes for document and shipment inspections and 10% run their inspections at temperatures above the recommended for food conservation with 33% of them unaware of the negative consequences in food safety when breaking food cold chain at the inspection process. Six sources of food cold chain break while under inspection were identified. Agents require further training on maintenance and importance of food cold chain and protocols should be improved. Practical applications The core of this study is to provide a discussion of the profile of Mexican food inspectors, facilities, and implementation of inspection protocols related to the maintenance of the food cold chain, to define a baseline upon which the need of training on specific strategies of shipment handling to keep food safety and quality.

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“… Other early applications of this database include Cadot and Gourdon (, ) and Vanzetti, Peters, and Knebel ()—although these focus primarily on developing economies. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Market access implications of non‐tariff measures: Estimates for four developed country markets

2018

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We quantify the effects of non‐tariff measures on the extensive margin of trade, examining the number of countries exporting particular products to Canada, the European Union, New Zealand and the United States. We find that non‐tariff measures that impose a conformity requirement, that is, testing, certification or inspection, will reduce the number of countries exporting to these markets. Conformity requirements imposed for sanitary or phytosanitary reasons have the largest effect in Canada, reducing the number of exporting countries by 47% compared to the situation where no compliance requirement is imposed. Conformity requirements imposed for other reasons covered by the WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade have the largest effect in Canada and New Zealand, reducing the number of exporting countries by 27% compared to the situation where no compliance requirement is imposed. However, we generally find a statistically significant positive effect for nontariff measures that do not impose a compliance burden, suggesting that such measures may facilitate trade.

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Non-tariff measures, preferential trade agreements, and prices: new evidence

Cited by 86 publications

References 23 publications

Trade Policy and Market Power: Firm‐level Evidence

Trade Policy and Market Power: Firm‐level Evidence

Profile of inspectors and protocols applied to imported food in inspections stations

Market access implications of non‐tariff measures: Estimates for four developed country markets

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