2020
DOI: 10.20473/jde.v5i1.18609
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Non-Tariff Measures (Ntms) and Indonesian Natural Rubber Export to the Main Export Destination Countries

Abstract: The value of natural rubber exports is declining continuously every year. One of the reasons for the decline in the value of natural rubber exports is due to the implementation of Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) by the main export destination countries in international trade. The most widely applied NTMs policies in trading countries are Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) and Technical Barrier to Trade (TBT). This study aims to analyze the impact of NTMs on Indonesia's natural rubber exports from 2012 to 2016. The es… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…The possible answer is Turkish automobile import is higher than export. Virginia & Novianti (2020) also show that the exchange rate is not significant on Indonesian clove export. The import tariff is also the possible answer to the insignificancy.…”
Section: Effect Of Exchange Rate On Exportmentioning
confidence: 80%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The possible answer is Turkish automobile import is higher than export. Virginia & Novianti (2020) also show that the exchange rate is not significant on Indonesian clove export. The import tariff is also the possible answer to the insignificancy.…”
Section: Effect Of Exchange Rate On Exportmentioning
confidence: 80%
“…Thus, this paper proposes the Middle-east countries as the relevant export destination countries because first, there are no previous paper studies the Middle-east countries specifically as export destination countries where mostl are Asian countries (Huda, 2006;Siburian, 2012;Wardhana, 2011;Zuhdi & Suharno, 2015), major importer countries (Hasibuan et al, 2012;Hermawan, 2011;Huseyni et al, 2019;Nurhayati et al, 2018;Sari et al, 2014;Virginia & Novianti, 2020;Yulismi & Siregar, 2007), other regions (Osabuohien et al, 2019;Wardani & Mulatsih, 2017), or the world (Abedini & Péridy, 2009;Natale et al, 2015;Peridy & Abedini, 2008). The determination of export destination countries is fundamental since different regions require specific bilateral policies.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Product access is administered by a large set of regulations and requirements which must be met by the exporter (UNCTAD, 2018). This can increase trade costs and pressure small exporters (Virginia & Novianti, 2020). Therefore, the governments of Indonesia and Thailand are expected to make fair and profitable policies to increase economic and sustainable agriculture development in both countries.…”
Section: Consumer Behaviormentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The milky fluid exuded from the rubber trunk plant is known as latex (Raulf 2014) can be used as a material for making tires (Akca, Gursel, and Sen 2018), gloves and so on. Indonesia still exports rubber products in the form of raw materials (Virginia and Novianti 2020) or semi-finished products. Rubber is an export commodity (Daulika, Peng, and Hanani 2020) with the largest exporting countries, namely Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam (Kamaludin 2018).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%