Non-Targeted Metabolomic Profiling Identifies Metabolites with Potential Antimicrobial Activity from an Anaerobic Bacterium Closely Related to Terrisporobacter Species

Abstract

This work focused on the metabolomic profiling of the conditioned medium (FS03CM) produced by an anaerobic bacterium closely related to Terrisporobacter spp. to identify potential antimicrobial metabolites. The metabolome of the conditioned medium was profiled by two-channel Chemical Isotope Labelling (CIL) LC-MS. The detected metabolites were identified or matched by conducting a library search using different confidence levels. Forty-eight significantly changed metabolites were identified with high confidence after the growth of isolate FS03 in cooked meat glucose starch (CMGS) medium. Some of the secondary metabolites identified with known antimicrobial activities were 4-hydroxyphenyllactate, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, acetic acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and tryptamine. Our findings revealed the presence of different secondary metabolites with previously reported antimicrobial activities and suggested the capability of producing antimicrobial metabolites by the anaerobic bacterium FS03.

Mining the Metabolic Capacity of Clostridium sporogenes Aided by Machine Learning

“…Specifically, the chemical analysis of products from anaerobic bacteria often results in complex data due to the diverse range of metabolites produced. [19][20][21] Thus, interpreting this data requires advanced analytical skills and software. [19][20][21] Consequently, these factors add complexity to advance the research in this field of study.…”

“…[19][20][21] Thus, interpreting this data requires advanced analytical skills and software. [19][20][21] Consequently, these factors add complexity to advance the research in this field of study. Secondly, the structural diversity of small molecules and the complexity of the gut microbiome hinder the establishment of a general rule or platform for assessing anaerobes' metabolic capability on small molecule transformation in a reliable manner.…”

“…These include space limitations, maintaining strict anaerobic conditions, complexity in integrating analytical instruments, difficulties in sample handling, instrumentation limitations, and complex data interpretation. Specifically, the chemical analysis of products from anaerobic bacteria often results in complex data due to the diverse range of metabolites produced [19–21] . Thus, interpreting this data requires advanced analytical skills and software [19–21] .…”