Non-standard Schedules, Work–Family Conflict, and the Moderating Role of National Labour Context: Evidence from 32 European Countries

Taiji, Riley; Mills, Melinda

doi:10.1093/esr/jcz048

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with recent research (e.g., Taiji and Mills 2020), we use comparative longitudinal survey data to partially address concerns about estimation in small- N designs (Fairbrother 2014; Schmidt-Catran et al 2019). Our macro-level variables vary by country-year ( n = 299).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Family Policies and Mothers’ Employment: How Earnings Inequality Shapes Policy Effects across and within Countries

Hook

Paek

2020

Am Sociol Rev

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Although researchers generally agree that national family policies play a role in shaping mothers’ employment, there is considerable debate about whether, how, and why policy effects vary across country contexts and within countries by mothers’ educational attainment. We hypothesize that family policies interact with national levels of earnings inequality to differentially affect mothers’ employment outcomes by educational attainment. We develop hypotheses about the two most commonly studied family policies—early childhood education and care (ECEC) and paid parental leave. We test these hypotheses by establishing a novel linkage between the EU-Labour Force Survey and the Current Population Survey 1999 to 2016 ( n = 23 countries, 299 country-years, 1.2 million mothers of young children), combined with an original collection of country-year indicators. Using multilevel models, we find that ECEC spending is associated with a greater likelihood of maternal employment, but the association is strongest for non-college-educated mothers in high-inequality settings. The length of paid parental leave over six months is generally associated with a lower likelihood of maternal employment, but the association is most pronounced for mothers in high-inequality settings. We call for greater attention to the role of earnings inequality in shaping mothers’ employment and conditioning policy effects.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Family Policies and Mothers’ Employment: How Earnings Inequality Shapes Policy Effects across and within Countries

Hook

Paek

2020

Am Sociol Rev

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“…Different working time arrangements are among the most widely studied work demands and resources in relation to work–family conflicts as they directly affect the time available for family matters. Long working hours ( Gallie and Russell, 2009 ; Adkins and Premeaux, 2012 ), non-standard schedules ( Taiji and Mills, 2020 ), and irregular shiftwork ( Zhao et al, 2021 ) are demanding working time characteristics that are associated with higher WFC and FWC. Increased overtime during the COVID-19 pandemic should be associated with higher WFC and FWC for all individuals.…”

Section: Gender and Parenthood Differences In Work–family Conflicts During Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Work–Family Conflicts in Germany: Risks and Chances Across Gender and Parenthood

2022

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The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected everyone’s daily life in one way or another, requiring a re-negotiation of existing strategies for work–life integration, not only for individuals but also within families and partnerships. To contribute to existing knowledge on work-life integration during COVID-19 in Germany, we look at gender and parenthood differences in the experiences of work-to-family (WFC) and family-to-work (FWC) conflicts. By accounting for employees’ previous conflict experiences, we were able to reveal the extent to which the current conditions contributed to differences in these conflicts. Moreover, we explored the relevance of demands and resources in the family and work spheres as a way to explain different levels of WFC and FWC across gender and parenthood. Our analyses are based on a sample of 660 employees from a German linked employer–employee panel study and a COVID-19 follow-up survey conducted in late 2020. Results revealed that work–family conflict experiences before the pandemic play an important role in current conflict perceptions. Whereas WFC were more likely to be accentuated during the pandemic, prior FWC experiences may have helped to mitigate conflicts under these new conditions. Work–family conflicts in general have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but this finding applied only to conflicts in the family-to-work direction. Although such increases were not limited to parents, they were particularly high in this group. Overall, gender differences in work–family conflicts were absent, but differences were found between mothers and fathers. The need to compensate for a lack of external childcare, as well as having to work from home, increased FWC, especially among fathers. This study suggests that FWC in particular became more important during the pandemic; however, parents were not the only ones who were disadvantaged when it came to work–life integration; childless individuals likewise struggled to balance the demands of work and private life.

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“…Despite a global issue, work-life balance research studies are focused widely in western contexts (Beigi & Shirmohammadi, 2017), organizations with good work-life balance policies; child care facilities, flexible work arrangements, and maternity & paternity leave (Crompton & Lyonette, 2006;Taiji & Mills, 2020). Literature shows that work-life balance western perspective is not suitable for explaining the work-life/family issues in Asia, and the coping strategies used by the Asian employees is significantly different from their Western counterparts (Chandra, 2012;Ling & Poweli, 2001;Ren & Caudle, 2016;Ren & Foster, 2011;Xiao & Cooke, 2012).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions and Coping Strategies: A Thematic Study on Work-Life Balance of Working Women

Kibriya

Hassan

Koussr

2021

Pak. J. Humanit. Soc. Sci

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The present study aims to explore different perceptions about the concept of work-life balance and the coping strategies used by working women to maintain this balance in the culturally unique context of Pakistan. The participation rate of working mothers has increased substantially in the labor force of Pakistan, creating problems for them in balancing their work and life responsibilities. Having a job with kids and family responsibilities comes in conflict with social and cultural values. This study adopted a qualitative research approach for in-depth exploration of the topic, engaged a snowball sampling technique to collect the data from 16 professional women using semi-structured, face-to-face interviews. The themes identification in this qualitative study is through the Braun & Clarke thematic six-phase approach. The main objective of the thematic analysis is to recognize themes; identify the significant data patterns, and achieve the research objectives. Thematic analysis revealed that the participants perceived work-life balance as a personal philosophy, managing both sides and event-based. Working women showed their faith in Allah and considered it the most helpful coping strategy. This faith gives them greater strength and courage to deal with problems. Pakistani working women frequently used various work-life balance coping strategies such as; support systems, time and stress management, determining priorities, and task crafting. The study implies that organizations should implement such HR policies and practices that support working women, providing them with child care centers and flexible schedules.

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Non-standard Schedules, Work–Family Conflict, and the Moderating Role of National Labour Context: Evidence from 32 European Countries

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

National Family Policies and Mothers’ Employment: How Earnings Inequality Shapes Policy Effects across and within Countries

National Family Policies and Mothers’ Employment: How Earnings Inequality Shapes Policy Effects across and within Countries

COVID-19 and Work–Family Conflicts in Germany: Risks and Chances Across Gender and Parenthood

Perceptions and Coping Strategies: A Thematic Study on Work-Life Balance of Working Women

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