Non-Skeletal Activities of Vitamin D: From Physiology to Brain Pathology

Bivona, Giulia; Agnello, Luisa; Bellia, Chiara; Iacolino, Giorgia; Scazzone, Concetta; Sasso, Bruna Lo; Ciaccio, Marcello

doi:10.3390/medicina55070341

Cited by 67 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Hypovitaminosis D appears to play an important role in a number of extraskeletal diseases such as several autoimmune diseases [8,9] or Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease [10]. Vitamin D plays a key role in various physiological processes such as the regulation of brain development and activities in adulthood [11]. The serum value is considered the most significant indicator for vitamin D storage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral intermittent vitamin D substitution: influence of pharmaceutical form and dosage frequency on medication adherence: a randomized clinical trial

Rothen

Rutishauser

Walter

et al. 2020

BMC Pharmacol Toxicol

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Background: To assess adherence to and preference for vitamin D substitution with different pharmaceutical forms and frequencies of administration. Methods: A focus group of stakeholders aimed at preparing the design of an interventional, randomized, crossover study with 2 × 2 groups obtaining monthly or weekly vitamin D products in liquid or solid form for 3 months each. Dosage corresponds to cumulated amount of recommended 800 IU daily (5.600 IU weekly / 24.000 IU monthly). Main inclusion criteria were a vitamin D serum value < 50 nmol/l and age ≥ 18 years. Primary endpoint was adherence, secondary endpoints were preferences and vitamin D serum levels. Results: The focus group reached consensus for preference of a monthly administration of solid forms to adults. Full datasets were obtained from 97 participants. Adherence was significantly higher with monthly (79.5-100.0%) than weekly (66.4-98.1%) administration. Vitamin D levels increased significantly (p < 0.001) in all participants. An optimal value of > 75 nmol/l was achieved by 32% after 3 months and by 50% after 6 months. Preferred formulation was solid form (tablets, capsules) for 71% of participants, and preferred dosage frequency was monthly for 39% of participants. Conclusions: Monthly oral vitamin D in solid form lead to the highest adherence, and is preferred by the participants. However, only one third of study participants achieved values in the optimal range of > 75 nmol/l cholecalciferol using weekly or monthly administration providing an average daily cholecalciferol dose of 800 IU.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral intermittent vitamin D substitution: influence of pharmaceutical form and dosage frequency on medication adherence: a randomized clinical trial

Rothen

Rutishauser

Walter

et al. 2020

BMC Pharmacol Toxicol

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“…Vitamin D is involved in calcium and phosphate metabolism, the immune response and regulation of brain development. Vitamin D was a good candidate serum biomarker for PD and Alzheimer's disease [37] ( Figure 3A). The analysis of cell composition showed that the differential proteins were secretory proteins, mostly from the extracellular matrix and membrane ( Figure 3B).…”

Section: Functional Enrichment Analysis Of Differential Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urine proteome changes in an α-synuclein transgenic mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

Pan

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Urine accommodates more changes than other fluids, and it is a good source in the search for early sensitive biomarkers. The present study collected urine samples from 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-and 10-month-old αsynuclein transgenic mice. Based on data-independent acquisition (DIA) technology, liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for quantitative analysis. Seventeen human homologous differential proteins were screened and compared with those in the urine of 2-month-old mice, and 9 proteins were related to Parkinson's disease (PD). Formin-2, Splicing factor 3A subunit 1, and Isopentenyl-diphosphate Deltaisomerase 1 changed continuously in months 6, 8 and 10. These experiments and analyses demonstrated that the urine proteome reflected the development of α-synuclein transgenic mice and provided clues for the early clinical diagnosis of PD. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor and non-motor disorders [1]. Its main pathological features are the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the dense substantia nigra and the presence of α-synuclein as the main component of eosinophilic inclusion bodies, i.e., Lewy bodies, in the remaining dopaminergic neurons. PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, and it affects approximately 1% of people over 65 years of age [2]. With the aging of the population and the prolongation of life expectancy, the incidence rate of PD is expected to double in the next 20 years [3]. PD seriously affects the quality of life of patients, and it results in a huge social and economic burden [4, 5]. The early diagnosis of PD is of great significance to improve the quality of life of patients and delay the development of the disease. There is no effective way to cure PD. Drug therapy and surgical treatment only delay the progress of the disease. Drug therapy is the primary method, but the long-term use of drugs often weakens the curative effects and produces some side effects. The clinical diagnosis of PD is currently based on motor characteristics. When the motor characteristics of PD manifest, approximately 60-70% of the neurons are lost [6]. Because the early symptoms of PD are mild and generally considered the result of aging, the early diagnosis of PD is very difficult, and there is a certain rate of misdiagnosis. At the time of diagnosis, most patients exhibit obvious behavior disorders and accumulated pathological changes. Therefore, to provide better clinical treatment for PD patients and help researchers find new treatment methods, it is urgent to identify sensitive early biomarkers. Biomarkers are indicators that objectively reflect normal physiological and pathological processes [7]. The most studied biomarkers are present in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Because there is no barrier between the cerebrospinal fluid and the brain, cerebrospinal fluid is considered an ideal choice for the discovery of biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases. Cerebrospinal fluidis more stable than blood due to the blood-...

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“…In the scientific literature, it is known the classical role of vitamin D in regulating calcium and phosphorus homeostasis [1]. Vitamin D increases intestinal calcium uptake and phosphorus reabsorption at the tubular level, stimulates mineralization of osteoid tissue, promotes calcium and phosphorus deposition in the form of hydroxyapatite crystals [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Relation Between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency and Gestational Diabetess

Petroaie¹,

Popovici²,

Cosmescu³

et al. 2020

Rev. Chim.

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One of the essential roles of vitamin D is to maintain a good state of health, its actions being extremely complex. In the past years, the role and involvement of vitamin D have been intensively discussed in a variety of physiological or pathological conditions. To be effective, vitamin D requires binding to specific nuclear receptors (VDRs) that are found in multiple tissues. Therefore, there is a great interest in studies focused on vitamin D in order to evaluate the potential functions and relations with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This disease is defined by glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. It presents an increased risk of later progression to type 2 diabetes. Now, gestational diabetes represents a global public health problem due to its increasing incidence and possible severe complications of pregnancy. This article centralizes recent studies focused on a possible link between vitamin D deficiency and gestational diabetes, knowing that in pregnant women the insufficiency or deficiency of that vitamin is a common thing.

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Non-Skeletal Activities of Vitamin D: From Physiology to Brain Pathology

Cited by 67 publications

References 86 publications

Oral intermittent vitamin D substitution: influence of pharmaceutical form and dosage frequency on medication adherence: a randomized clinical trial

Oral intermittent vitamin D substitution: influence of pharmaceutical form and dosage frequency on medication adherence: a randomized clinical trial

Urine proteome changes in an α-synuclein transgenic mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

Is There a Relation Between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency and Gestational Diabetess

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