Non-myelin-forming perisynaptic Schwann cells express protein zero and myelin-associated glycoprotein

Georgiou, John; Charlton, Milton P.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199908)27:2<101::aid-glia1>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Most changed was MAG, a protein associated with the modulation of axonal growth and the establishment of the nodes of Ranvier (29,30). MAG is also present in nonmyelin-forming perisynaptic Schwann cells that envelop axonal terminals and detect and modulate synaptic vesicle release (31). As such, MAG is a marker of mature oligodendroglia, and its loss is a surrogate marker of the loss of mature glia under hypoxia.…”

Section: Genes Marking Oligodendrocyte Differentiation Are Down-regulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupted synaptic development in the hypoxic newborn brain

Curristin

Cao

Stewart

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

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Infants born prematurely risk significant life-long cognitive disability, representing a major pediatric health crisis. The neuropathology of this cohort is accurately modeled in mice subjected to sublethal postnatal hypoxia. Massively parallel transcriptome analysis using cDNA microchips (9,262 genes), combined with immunohistochemical and protein assays, reveals that sublethal hypoxia accentuates genes subserving presynaptic function, and it suppresses genes involved with synaptic maturation, postsynaptic function, and neurotransmission. Other significantly affected pathways include those involved with glial maturation, vasculogenesis, and components of the cortical and microtubular cytoskeleton. These patterns reveal a global dysynchrony in the maturation programs of the hypoxic developing brain, and offer insights into the vulnerabilities of processes that guide early postnatal cerebral maturation.

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Section: Genes Marking Oligodendrocyte Differentiation Are Down-regulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupted synaptic development in the hypoxic newborn brain

Curristin

Cao

Stewart

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Also, the few vesicles in contact with the plasmalemma facing the axon terminal cannot be interpreted as a characteristic of a chemical synapse. Nonetheless, the incorporation of myelin-associated glycoprotein in the cell membrane at the contact zone with the axon terminal was demonstrated, even though PSC do not form any myelin sheets (Georgiou and Charlton, 1999). This glycoprotein is assumed to be involved in a dynamic mechanical link between the cytoskeleton of the PSC and the axon terminal (Kursula et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because PSCs express Schwann cell-specific proteins, it is assumed that they are related to myelinating Schwann cells (Georgiou and Charlton, 1999). The PSCs cover over the axon terminal without myelinization and are thought to support the functions of the axon terminal (for review, see Salpeter, 1987b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This would require a directed net transport in the direction of the axon terminal. According to that, it can be shown by light-microscope that Schwann cell-specific membrane proteins are preferentially incorporated into the Schwann cell membrane facing the axon terminal (Georgiou and Charlton, 1999). From lightmicroscopic investigations at myelinating Schwann cells it is known that in these cells the transport occurs bilaterally to the nodes of Ranvier (Kidd et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perisynaptic Schwann cells of the vertebrate motor endplate bear modified cilia

Voigt

Dauber

Köhler

2004

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs), descendants of the myelinating Schwann cells, cover the axon terminal of the vertebrate motor endplate of the skeletal muscle fiber. PSCs are assumed to support the function of the axon terminal. This function suggests a net material transport in the direction of the axon terminal. Morphologically it is to be expected that these cells have a cytoskeleton aligned to the axon terminal. Investigations clarifying this statement have not yet been undertaken. From previous investigations we know, however, that the PSCs have a microtubule-organizing center, which is a part of this cytoskeleton. The centrioles of the organizing center may also participate in the formation of a modified cilium structure whose function is unknown. In the present investigation, characteristic ultrastructural features of the modified cilium structure and its relationship to the Golgi apparatus and the axon terminal are presented. A function for the modified cilium structure is discussed.

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“…This is certainly also true for OECs, a cell type which does not synthetize myelin under normal conditions. The presence of CNPase in non-myelinating glia, such as non-myelinating Schwann cells or perisynaptic Schwann cells (Toma et al 2007;Georgiou and Charlton 1999), is usually explained by the idea that these Schwann cells possess a premyelinating state. Along this line, our data support the idea that OECs are closely-related to Schwann cells and may be capable of myelination under experimental conditions.…”

Section: Non-myelinating Olfactory Ensheathing Cells and The Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the morphological phenotype: 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) is a novel marker for in situ detection of canine but not rat olfactory ensheathing cells

Omar

Bock²,

Kreutzer³

et al. 2011

Cell Tissue Res

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Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are the non-myelinating glial cells of the olfactory nerves and bulb. The fragmentary characterization of OECs in situ during normal development may be due to their small size requiring intricate ultrastructural analysis and to the fact that available markers for in situ detection are either expressed only by OEC subpopulations or lost during development. In the present study, we searched for markers with stable expression in OECs and investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of CNPase, an early oligodendrocyte/Schwann cell marker, in comparison with the prototype marker p75(NTR). Anti-CNPase antibodies labeled canine but not rat OECs in situ, while Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes were positive in both species. CNPase immunoreactivity in the dog was confined to all OECs throughout the postnatal development and associated with the entire cell body, including its finest processes, while p75(NTR) was mainly detected in perineural cells and only in some neonatal OECs. Adult olfactory bulb slices displayed CNPase expression after 4 and 10 days, while p75(NTR) was detectable only after 10 days in vitro. Finally, treatment of purified adult canine OECs with fibroblast growth factor-2 significantly reduced CNPase expression at the protein and mRNA level. Taken together, we conclude that CNPase but not p75(NTR) is a stable marker suitable for in situ visualization of OECs that will facilitate their light-microscopic characterization and challenge our general view of OEC marker expression in situ. The fact that canine but not rat OECs expressed CNPase supports the idea that glia from large animals differs substantially from rodents.

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Non-myelin-forming perisynaptic Schwann cells express protein zero and myelin-associated glycoprotein

Cited by 27 publications

References 57 publications

Disrupted synaptic development in the hypoxic newborn brain

Disrupted synaptic development in the hypoxic newborn brain

Perisynaptic Schwann cells of the vertebrate motor endplate bear modified cilia

Defining the morphological phenotype: 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) is a novel marker for in situ detection of canine but not rat olfactory ensheathing cells

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