“…To determine the nonlocal kernel w, we solve numerically the FokkerPlanck equation with the modified collisions operator in a perturbation regime as in [2,5] to obtain a new set of nonlocal kernels for different Z, kλ e and for different values of the Langdon parameter α = Z(v osc /v th ) 2 [8], where Z is the ion charge state, v osc = |eE|/mω 0 is the velocity of oscillation of the electrons in the laser field E, v th = (k B T e /m e ) 1/2 is the electron thermal velocity, and ω 0 is the laser angular frequency. The parameter α is a direct indicator of the non-Maxwellian behavior of the distribution function due to the collisional laser heating: when α goes to 0 we have a Maxwellian distribution, and in the opposite case, the angle-averaged distribution function (f 0 (v)) tends to a super-Gaussian shape [14], and this in turn affects nonlocal heat flow [2]. The nonlocal propagator for parallel transport in Tokamak plasmas (Z = 1), corresponds to α = 0, because of the absence of inverse bremsstrahlung heating, and here, we approximate this value by running with α = 10 −3 .…”