Non-linear dynamics, chaos, complexity and enclaves in granitoid magmas

Flinders, James; Clemens, John D.

doi:10.1130/0-8137-2315-9.217

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…An important new step in the understanding of the complex nature of magma mixing and its macro-scale description was the coupled application of chaos theory and fractal geometry with geochemistry (De Rosa et al 2002;Ferrachat and Ricard 1998;Flinders and Clemens 1996;Perugini and Poli 2004;Perugini et al 2002;Perugini et al 2003;Poli and Tommasini 1991). In contrast to the Langmuir et al (1978) view, simulation of the chaotic dispersion of one magma in another requires use of a non-linear equation (Liu et al 1994a, b;Mandelbrot 1982;McCauley 1993;Ottino et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chaotic three-dimensional distribution of Ba, Rb, and Sr in feldspar megacrysts grown in an open magmatic system

Słaby

Śmigielski

Śmigielski³

et al. 2011

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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As has been demonstrated in recent years, the heterogeneities of coeval magmas can be more successfully revealed by zoned megacrysts rather than by analysis of the whole rocks hosting them. Here, the geochemical heterogeneities of feldspar megacrysts from the Karkonosze granite, Poland, are investigated by LA-ICP-MS. The crystals are the product of migration and growth in regions of poorly mixed magmas. 3D-modeling of the Ba, Sr, and Rb distributions emphasizes the importance of micro-domain growth morphologies. Two models of element behavior-a relative concentration model and a composition gradient model-provide a potentially effective tool for tracking the mixing process on a microscale. Measured concentrations of elements of different mobilities do not agree with what might be expected from the mixing of two end-member magmas. If mixing was the only process occurring, linear correlations between the concentrations of any two elements should be observed; this, however, is not the case. For combinations of any two of the three elements, modeling reveals differing non-linear correlations between concentrations. The megacryst heterogeneities provide an insight into how mixing magmas are chaotically advected to growing crystals and the degree of inter-magma element exchange between the magmas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chaotic three-dimensional distribution of Ba, Rb, and Sr in feldspar megacrysts grown in an open magmatic system

Słaby

Śmigielski

Śmigielski³

et al. 2011

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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“…The textural, mineralogical and chemical characteristics of these (see e.g., Vernon, 1990) indicate a magmatic origin. Flinders and Clemens (1996) examined enclave spatial distribution, textures, host-enclave interface topographies and major-, trace-element and isotope chemistries, to assess their role in the petrogenesis of the rocks. Their main conclusion was that enclave suites, with varied chemical and isotopic characteristics, within a single host felsic rock, could represent different stages in the temporal evolution of a complex magma system, driven by non-linear dynamics.…”

Section: Introduction and Regional Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of post-orogenic calcalkaline magmas: The Arrochar and Garabal Hill–Glen Fyne complexes, Scotland

Clemens

Darbyshire

Flinders

2009

Lithos

110

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The 425 Ma Arrochar and Garabal Hill-Glen Fyne complexes of highland Scotland are examples of post-orogenic magmatism accompanying extensional collapse of an orogen, in this case the Caledonian. The rocks are dominantly high-K series, but range from medium-K to shoshonitic. Mantle upwelling, melting and the intrusion of large volumes of mafic magma into the crust are inferred to have accompanied lithospheric thinning, and to have provided the heat source for melting of young arc crust accreted during the preceding subduction epoch.Fluids evolved from the subducting slab are inferred to have caused high degrees of enrichment in the overlying mantle wedge. Deep in the crust, the mantle-derived, K-rich mafic to intermediate magmas mixed with felsic crustal melts to form the spectrum of magmas intruded in the two complexes. Microgranular enclaves in the granitic rocks represent mafic magmas derived from the enriched mantle and hybridised by reaction, diffusion and mechanical mixing with their host felsic magmas, but they do not form part of the evolutionary series that produced the host magmas. Rather than inheriting its LILEenriched character directly from crustal melts, or from crustal assimilation by mafic magmas, the high-K series may commonly owe at least part of its potassic character to the involvement of mantle (highly metasomatised by slab-derived fluids) as a major magma source. Enclave suites, though prominent in some granitic rocks should not be assumed to represent magmas that played a significant role in the production of the chemical variations in their host magmas.

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“…One of the most striking results arising from these studies is that, during mixing, chemical elements experience a diffusive fractionation process due to the development in time of chaotic mixing dynamics (Perugini et al 2006 Rosa et al 2002;Perugini and Poli 2005;Perugini et al 2002Perugini et al , 2003 have highlighted the dominant role played by chaotic mixing dynamics in producing the substantial complexity of geochemical variations and textural patterns found in the resultant rocks (e.g., Flinders and Clemens 1996;De Campos et al 2011;Morgavi et al 2013aMorgavi et al , b, c, 2016. Despite significant attention in the past, however, few works have focused on the understanding of the relationship between the morphology of the mixing patterns and the geochemical variability of the system using experimental devices (e.g., De Rosa et al 2002).…”

Section: Numerical and Experimental Studies: New Ideas For Decipherinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is common practice in the petrological community to split magma mixing into two separate physico/chemical processes: (i) mechanical mixing (also referred to as "magma mingling"), by which two or more batches of magma mingle without chemical exchanges between them, and (ii) a chemical mixing (also referred to as "magma mixing") triggered by chemical exchanges between the interacting magmas in which elements move from one magma to the other according to compositional gradients continuously generated by the mechanical dispersion of the two magmas (e.g., Flinders and Clemens 1996). Physically, "magma mingling" is mainly controlled by the viscosity contrast between the two magmas; decreasing of the viscosity contrast results in progressively more efficient mingling dynamics (e.g., Sparks and Marshall 1986;Grasset and Albarede 1994;Bateman 1995;Poli et al 1996;Perugini and Poli 2005).…”

Section: Magma Mixing: Field Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to provide possible classification of magma mixing structures, the evidence of mechanical mixing in igneous rocks can be roughly divided into three different groups: (i) flow structures, (ii) magmatic enclaves and (iii) physico-chemical disequilibria in melts and crystals (e.g., Walker and Skelhorn 1966;Didier and Barbarin 1991;Hibbard 1995;Flinders and Clemens 1996;Wilcox 1944Wilcox , 1999Perugini et al 2002Perugini et al , 2003Streck 2008;Perugini and Poli 2012;Morgavi et al 2016). Flow structures can be readily recognized in field outcrops as they show alternating light and dark coloured bands constituted by magmas with different compositions.…”

Section: Magma Mixing: Field Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Magma Mixing: History and Dynamics of an Eruption Trigger

Morgavi

Arienzo

Montagna

et al. 2017

Advances in Volcanology

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The most violent and catastrophic volcanic eruptions on Earth have been triggered by the refilling of a felsic volcanic magma chamber by a hotter more mafic magma. Examples include Vesuvius 79 AD, Krakatau 1883, Pinatubo 1991, and Eyjafjallajökull 2010. Since the first hypothesis, plenty of evidence of magma mixing processes, in all tectonic environments, has accumulated in the literature allowing this natural process to be defined as fundamental petrological processes playing a role in triggering volcanic eruptions, and in the generation of the compositional variability of igneous rocks. Combined with petrographic, mineral chemistry and geochemical investigations, isotopic analyses on volcanic rocks have revealed compositional variations at different length scales pointing to a complex interplay of fractional crystallization, mixing/mingling and crustal contamination during the evolution of several magmatic feeding systems. But to fully understand the dynamics of mixing and mingling

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Non-linear dynamics, chaos, complexity and enclaves in granitoid magmas

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Chaotic three-dimensional distribution of Ba, Rb, and Sr in feldspar megacrysts grown in an open magmatic system

Chaotic three-dimensional distribution of Ba, Rb, and Sr in feldspar megacrysts grown in an open magmatic system

Sources of post-orogenic calcalkaline magmas: The Arrochar and Garabal Hill–Glen Fyne complexes, Scotland

Magma Mixing: History and Dynamics of an Eruption Trigger

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