Non-invasive pressure support ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure after bilateral lung transplantation

Abstract

NIV administration was well tolerated and avoided intubation in the large majority of patients (86%); in NIV responders the rate of complications was low and ICU mortality nil. NIV should be considered as an interesting alternative to conventional ventilation in patients who require ventilatory support after BLT.

Mechanical ventilation: invasive versus noninvasive

“…Several studies looked at the use of NIV after lung surgery [64][65][66]. AURIANT et al [64] conducted a randomised controlled trial in patients who experienced respiratory distress after lung resection.…”

“…A reduction in ETI rate and a clear benefit in terms of hospital survival was observed with NIV. A noncontrolled study suggested interesting results using NIV after bilateral lung transplantation [65].…”

New advances in the use of noninvasive ventilation for acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure

“…This aspect increased the interest for the application of NIV techniques, which seem able to decrease the rate of nosocomial infectious complications, with a similar level of efficacy in terms of gas exchanges improvement and patients acceptation. In a recent prospective nonrandomised study ROCCO et al [26] evaluated the role of NIV in a group of 21 patients developing ARF after bilateral lung transplantation. All the patients received noninvasive pressure support ventilation (NIPSV) through a face mask.…”

“…Eighteen patients (86%) avoided intubation. No patient treated successfully with NIV died [26]. ANTONELLI et al [23] conducted a randomised study to compare NIV delivered through a face mask to standard treatment with supplemental oxygen administration as a modality to avoid ETI in 40 solid organ transplant recipients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure.…”

Respiratory intermediate care units: a European survey: European Respiratory Society Task Force on epidemiology of respiratory intermediate care in Europe

“…More recently, some papers have suggested that NIV can be successfully used in other conditions, such as ARF in immunocompromised patients, pulmomary oedema and after bilateral lung transplantation [34][35][36][37]. The confirmation of such data through the use of NIV on a higher number of patients will widen the field of application of NIV and, consequently, create the need to implement RICUs.…”