Non‐invasive measures of tissue autofluorescence are increased in Type 1 diabetes complications and correlate with a non‐invasive measure of vascular dysfunction

Januszewski, Andrzej S.; Sachithanandan, Nirupa; Karschimkus, Connie; O’Neal, David N; Yeung, C. K.; Alkatib, N.; Jenkins, Alicia J.

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03562.x

Cited by 44 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Although the reference standard for measuring AGE levels in tissues is biochemical determination in skin biopsies, skin autofluorescence (SAF) has emerged as a noninvasive, accurate, and practical method for the analysis of AGE levels in skin 11, 12. SAF‐indicated AGE levels are elevated in diabetes mellitus and end stage renal disease, and some studies suggest that they are associated with CVD independent of known CVD risk factors 13, 14, 15.…”

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confidence: 99%

Skin Autofluorescence–Indicated Advanced Glycation End Products as Predictors of Cardiovascular and All‐Cause Mortality in High‐Risk Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

Cavero‐Redondo

Soriano-Cano

Álvarez‐Bueno

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundChronic deposits of advanced glycation end products produced by enzymatic glycation have been suggested as predictors of atherosclerotic‐related disorders. This study aimed to estimate the relationship between advanced glycation end products indicated by skin autofluorescence levels and the risk of cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality based on data from observational studies.Methods and ResultsWe systematically searched Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Web of Science databases from their inceptions until November 2017 for observational studies addressing the association of advanced glycation end products by skin autofluorescence levels with cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality. The DerSimonian and Laird random‐effects method was used to compute pooled estimates of hazard ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals for the risk of cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality associated with levels of advanced glycation end products by skin autofluorescence. Ten published studies were included in the systematic review and meta‐analysis. Higher skin autofluorescence levels were significantly associated with a higher pooled risk estimate for cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio: 2.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.58–2.67), which might not be important to moderate heterogeneity (I2=34.7%; P=0.163), and for all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio: 1.91; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–2.56) with substantial heterogeneity (I2=60.8%; P=0.0.18).ConclusionsOur data suggest that skin autofluorescence levels could be considered predictors of all‐cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients at high and very high risk.

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confidence: 99%

Skin Autofluorescence–Indicated Advanced Glycation End Products as Predictors of Cardiovascular and All‐Cause Mortality in High‐Risk Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

Cavero‐Redondo

Soriano-Cano

Álvarez‐Bueno

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…15,17 Furthermore, SAF is also associated with AGE-related functional and structural derangements of the vessels and myocardium. 15,18,19 Therefore, SAF is now becoming an accepted clinical method for assessing the skin accumulation levels of AGEs in humans.…”

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confidence: 99%

Potential Inhibitory Effects ofl-Carnitine Supplementation on Tissue Advanced Glycation End Products in Patients with Hemodialysis

Fukami

Yamagishi

Sakai

et al. 2013

Rejuvenation Research

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Background and Aims: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) contribute to cardiovascular disease in patients with hemodialysis (HD). We have recently found that carnitine levels are inversely associated with skin AGE levels in HD patients. We examined whether l-carnitine supplementation reduced skin AGE levels in HD patients with carnitine deficiency. Methods: This was a single-center study. One hundred and two HD patients (total carnitine levels < 50 lmol/L) were enrolled and randomized to either oral administration of l-carnitine (900 mg/day) (n = 51) or control (n = 51). After 6 months, metabolic and inflammatory variables, including serum levels of carnitine, were measured. Skin AGE levels were determined by evaluating skin auto-fluorescence with an AGE-reader. Results: There were no significant differences of clinical variables at baseline between the control and l-carnitine therapy group. Thirty-two patients did not complete the assessment or treatment of the study. Oral l-carnitine supplementation for 6 months significantly increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, total, free, and acyl carnitine levels, while it decreased alanine transaminase, acyl/free carnitine ratio, b 2 -microglobulin, and skin AGE values. Change in total carnitine values from baseline (Dtotal carnitine) and Dfree carnitine were inversely associated with Dskin AGE levels in l-carnitine-treated patients ( p = 0.036 and p = 0.016, respectively). In multiple regression analysis, Dfree carnitine was a sole independent determinant of Dskin AGEs (R 2 = 0.178). Conclusions:The present study demonstrated that oral l-carnitine supplementation significantly decreased skin AGE levels in HD patients with carnitine deficiency. These observations suggest that supplementation of l-carnitine might be a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing the accumulation of tissue AGEs in carnitinedeficient patients with HD.

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“…Because of these special fluorescent characteristics their accumulation on skin collagen can be estimated noninvasively using a skin autofluorescence (AFR) reader, also called an AGE reader [11]. Recent evidence has shown that AFR increases with age and is increased in patients with diabetes [12][13][14]. In COPD, it has been shown that CML is increased in epithelial lining fluid from peripheral airways as compared to healthy ex-and current smokers [15].…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasma advanced glycation end-products and skin autofluorescence are increased in COPD

Gopal

Reynaert

Scheijen

et al. 2013

European Respiratory Journal

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. These conditions may lead to the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs).In this study we investigated in 88 COPD patients and 55 control subjects (80% ex-smokers) the association of the plasma protein-bound AGEs N e -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), pentosidine, N e -(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), and AGE accumulation in skin by skin autofluorescence (AFR), with lung function.Mean¡SD lysine and ex-smokers 27.7¡6.4 nmol?mmol -1 lysine) and AFR (COPD 3.33¡0.67 arbitrary units (AU), never-smokers 2.24¡0.45 AU and ex-smokers 2.31¡0.47 AU) were increased in COPD patients compared to controls. Disease state was inversely associated with CML, and linearly associated with CEL and AFR. Performing regression analyses in the total group, CEL and AFR showed a negative association and CML a positive association with lung function, even after correction for potential confounders.In conclusion, CEL and AFR were negatively and CML was positively associated with disease state. In the total group only the AGEs showed an association with forced expiratory volume in 1 s. Our data suggest that AGEs are involved in the pathophysiology of COPD, although their exact role remains to be determined. @ERSpublications Advanced glycation end-products are involved in the pathophysiology of COPD, but their exact role remains unknown

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Non‐invasive measures of tissue autofluorescence are increased in Type 1 diabetes complications and correlate with a non‐invasive measure of vascular dysfunction

Abstract: Ocular and skin autofluorescence and vascular stiffness correlate in non-diabetic and Type 1 diabetes subjects and are increased in Type 1 diabetes. Tissue advanced glycation end-products correlate with vascular risk factors, including circulating advanced glycation end-products.

Cited by 44 publications

References 31 publications

Skin Autofluorescence–Indicated Advanced Glycation End Products as Predictors of Cardiovascular and All‐Cause Mortality in High‐Risk Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

Skin Autofluorescence–Indicated Advanced Glycation End Products as Predictors of Cardiovascular and All‐Cause Mortality in High‐Risk Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

Potential Inhibitory Effects ofl-Carnitine Supplementation on Tissue Advanced Glycation End Products in Patients with Hemodialysis

Plasma advanced glycation end-products and skin autofluorescence are increased in COPD

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