Non-invasive material discrimination using spectral x-ray radiography

Gilbert, Andrew; McDonald, Benjamin S.; Robinson, Sean M.; Jarman, Kenneth D.; White, Timothy A.; Deinert, Mark

doi:10.1063/1.4870043

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The detector integrates over the flux incident at each pixel, and the detector response is modeled as an efficiency curve where an interaction of any kind in the detector medium results in a detection. It has previously been shown that a detector model based on efficiency is a reasonable approximation (e.g., 22).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced algorithms for radiographic material discrimination and inspection system design

Gilbert

McDonald

Deinert

2016

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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X-ray and neutron radiography are powerful tools for non-invasively inspecting the interior of objects. However, current methods are limited in their ability to differentiate materials when multiple materials are present, especially within large and complex objects. Past work has demonstrated that the spectral shift that X-ray beams undergo in traversing an object can be used to detect and quantify nuclear materials. The technique uses a spectrally sensitive detector and an inverse algorithm that varies the composition of the object until the X-ray spectrum predicted by X-ray transport matches the one measured. Here we show that this approach can be adapted to multi-mode radiography, with energy integrating detectors, and that the Cramér-Rao lower bound can be used to choose an optimal set of inspection modes a priori. We consider multiendpoint X-ray radiography alone, or in combination with neutron radiography using deuteriumdeuterium (DD) or deuterium-tritium (DT) sources. We show that for an optimal mode choice, the algorithm can improve discrimination between high-Z materials, specifically between tungsten and plutonium, and estimate plutonium mass within a simulated nuclear material storage system to within 1%.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced algorithms for radiographic material discrimination and inspection system design

Gilbert

McDonald

Deinert

2016

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) previously developed a method to perform quantitative material reconstructions using radiography data for x-rays [9] and for x-rays and neutrons [10]. In this methodology, each pixel of the transmission image is decomposed into the optimal quantities of "basis materials," in which the number of basis materials equals the number of distinct interrogations.…”

Section: Progress On Projection Of Api Observables Into a Materials Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress on Associate-Particle Imaging Algorithms, 2020

Hausladen

Blackston

Mattingly

et al. 2020

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“…Multivariate analysis has been used for discriminating materials [14]. Spectral X-ray radiography has been performed using an inverse algorithm with adaptive regularization [15]. Many researchers have studied reconstruction methods for FXCT via analytic and iterative approaches [6,12,[16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%