Non invasive imaging of water flow in plants by NMR microscopy

Xia, Yafeng; Sarafis, V.; Campbell, Ella O.; Callaghan, Paul T.

doi:10.1007/bf01379005

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The movement of water through living plant tissues by flow or diffusion can also be studied effectively by NMR microscopy using pulsed-field gradients (Xia?/ al., 1993). By a combination of such techniques with the 3D reconstruction and surfacerendering methods used in the present work, it should be possible to study the process of differentiation of vascular tissues in plant organs non-invasively and to determine when particular traces become functional or obsolete, the extent and direction of diffusion of water molecules from bundles and the influence of environmental factors on these processes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vascular architecture of the fruit receptacle of red raspberry determined by 3D NMR microscopy and surface‐rendering techniques

Williamson¹,

Goodman²,

Chudek

et al. 1994

New Phytologist

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The three-dimensional structure of the vascular system in the fruit receptacle of red raspberry was determined using NMK microscopy in combination with computer techniques which highhght the surfaces of specific tissue types. The surface-rendering technique is particularly valuable in situations where there are large differences in image characteristics between the tissue of interest and the rest of the specimen, and thus ideal for the delineation of the vascular tissue in the raspberry receptacle. This was shown to consist of a conical network of bundles with a spiral pattern of gaps; the carpellary traces emerged from the proximal end of each gap. The inner xylem and outer phloem tissues each appeared as a pair of fused columns in the surface-rendered images, and each carpellary trace had a separate supply from the xyletn and phloem.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vascular architecture of the fruit receptacle of red raspberry determined by 3D NMR microscopy and surface‐rendering techniques

Williamson¹,

Goodman²,

Chudek

et al. 1994

New Phytologist

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show abstract

“…Therefore, the ultimate form of the digital array in CSI is four-dimensional: three spatial (x,y,z) and one chemical (SJ. We can write the contrast factor in CSI experiments as Ec(r, u) = Jg(r, u)exp[i2mt]du [18] where g(r, u) is the spectral profile function at r. The exact function of g (r, u) can be written down only in very few cases. For example, for spectral peaks from a sample containing simple liquids, g (r, u) bears a Lorentzian shape.…”

Section: Chemical Shift Contrastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whole-body scanners are now routinely used as indispensable tools for medical diagnosis (4-6). In addition to its widespread use in clinical medicine, NMR imaging is increasingly being used to measure such physical and biophysical phenomena as velocity and selfdiffusion coefficients of fluid flows (7-15), in vivo vascular flow in botanical samples (16)(17)(18)(19) the spatial distribution of chemical species (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). With the scaling down of the receiver coil and the fine tuning of the instrument, resolution can be as fine as 10 pm3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast in NMR imaging and microscopy

Xia

1996

Concepts Magn. Reson.

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“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to investigate water in tree plants [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Based on studies of water in plant tissues using MRI, distribution of water is presented using 1 H-NMR images [15], spatial movement of water is measured as diffusion coefficients [16][17], and flowing water and flow velocity are examined by dynamic imaging methods [18][19][20][21][22][23]. The combined k-space and q-space imaging method [23] has been used to investigate xylem and phloem flow in plants stems [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Changes in the Dynamic State of Water for Excised Cherry Branches (Prunus lannesiana) Observed Using Dedicated Micro-Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Kano¹,

Koizumi

2014

PLANT

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Seasonal changes in the dynamic state of water for cherry (Prunus lannesiana), a deciduous broad-leaved tree, were studied by combined k-space and q-space imaging using dedicated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a 1.0-T permanent magnet. Water amounts, diffusion coefficients and transpiration were examined for excised branches cut from a tree with and without weak light (100-140 µmol m -2 s -1 ) throughout the year. The water amount in the cambium was large in spring and summer, decreased in autumn, and decreased further in winter. There were three components in the diffusion coefficient of the branch. The second component of the diffusion coefficient ascribed to the cambium did not fluctuate notably throughout the year, despite marked alternation in water amounts. However, diffusion coefficients in the secondary xylem, the primary component, were elevated in summer and decreased in winter. Upward water flow was restricted in the secondary xylem, and the positions where large flow was detected coincided with places exhibiting high diffusion coefficients and the arrangements of vessels. Total transpiration exhibited a tendency similar to that of the diffusion coefficients; however, total transpiration declined to zero when the plant had no leaf, whereas the diffusion coefficient decreased to 60 % of the maximum but did not decrease further. Light-enhanced transpiration related to potential photosynthetic activity increased in spring as the leaves sprouted and grew, considerably decreased in summer, decreased to one third of the maximum in autumn, and was not detected in winter. Measurement of the dynamic state of water for the excised branches will provide useful information for better understanding of the phenological changes of tree physiology.

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Non invasive imaging of water flow in plants by NMR microscopy

Cited by 47 publications

References 11 publications

The vascular architecture of the fruit receptacle of red raspberry determined by 3D NMR microscopy and surface‐rendering techniques

The vascular architecture of the fruit receptacle of red raspberry determined by 3D NMR microscopy and surface‐rendering techniques

Contrast in NMR imaging and microscopy

Seasonal Changes in the Dynamic State of Water for Excised Cherry Branches (Prunus lannesiana) Observed Using Dedicated Micro-Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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