Non-intrusive measurement method for the window opening behavior

Zheng, Hengjie; Li, Fēi; Cai, Hao; Zhang, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.05.052

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Among other factors, natural ventilation, operated by users, was confirmed as a primary driver for variation in heating energy consumption, especially in residential buildings [69]. Instead, during the cooling season, the proper use of natural ventilation when the outdoor environment is within the comfort range can generate energy savings through free-cooling [70]. Nevertheless, occupants' direct control of natural ventilation can provide large variations of indoor thermal comfort in hot environments without proper interaction [71].…”

Section: Rq2: What Are the Consequences Of Occupants' Behavior (Or Lamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the fact most studies only consider environmental variables as key influential factors of occupants interaction with windows [46], [48], [50], [51], [60], [61], [65], different parameters can influence the control on natural ventilation [42], [63]. For example, a variety of window features and design variables such as window size, shape and location within the facade, window opening type and opening angles/percentages, and shading devices could influence the occupants interaction [42], [70], or how windows usability affects IAQ [52].Some blinds/curtains configurations may prevent the proper operation of the window. On the other hand, optimizing window design based on only building energy-efficiency can affect occupants' quality of the view to outside and the received daylight [72].…”

Section: Rq3: How Can Interface Design and Usability Be Improved To "mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of select human-building interfaces and their relationship to human behavior, energy use and occupant comfort

Day

McIlvennie

Brackley

et al. 2020

Building and Environment

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In recent years, research has emerged to quantitatively and qualitatively understand occupants' interactions with buildings. However, there has been surprisingly little research on building interfaces and how their design, context (e.g., location), and underlying logic impact their usability and occupants' perceived control, as well as the resulting comfort and energy performance. Research is needed to better understand how occupants interact with building interfaces in both commercial and residential applications; both applications are important to address as there are many differences in interface types, level of control and understanding, and even expectations of engagement. This paper provides a cursory review and discussion of select common building interfaces: windows, window shades/blinds, thermostats, and lighting controls. The goal of this paper is to review literature related to these human-building interfaces to explore interface characteristics, current design and use challenges, and relationships between building interfaces and occupants. Human-building interface interactions are complex, more research is needed to understand design, use, and characteristics. Common themes emerged throughout the literature review to explain occupant interactions (or lack of interactions) with building interfaces, which included thermal and visual comfort, ease and access of control, interface/control placement, poor interface/control design, lack of understanding, and social-behavioral dynamics.

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Section: Rq2: What Are the Consequences Of Occupants' Behavior (Or Lamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rq3: How Can Interface Design and Usability Be Improved To "mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of select human-building interfaces and their relationship to human behavior, energy use and occupant comfort

Day

McIlvennie

Brackley

et al. 2020

Building and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The indoor environment was also analysed by an evaluation index utilized in previous literature. 32,33 This index was proposed for thermal comfort, considering air velocity and temperature simultaneously, as shown by equation (11). where TR and vR are average air temperature and velocity magnitude in working zone, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative investigations on setting parameters of air conditioning (air-supply speed and temperature) in ventilated cooling rooms

Chen

Feng

Cao

2019

Indoor and Built Environment

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Rational and scientific design of indoor air conditioning is essential. In the design of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning system, air-supply speed (ventilation rate) and air-supply temperature are the two most important parameters. In the current study, numerical simulations and experimental measurements were adopted to investigate the influences of ventilation mode, air-supply velocity and air-supply temperature on indoor thermal comfort as well as building energy consumption in summer. Different ventilation modes (up supply and down exit, ceiling supply and ceiling exit) were considered in modelling. Based on the simulation and experimental results, dimensionless index [Formula: see text] is proposed, which represents the ratio of buoyancy weighting force to inertial force. This index can be used as a pre-evaluation index of indoor thermal comfort in preliminary design of air conditioning. It is an indicator to judge the working conditions in cooling-ventilated rooms. When [Formula: see text], the settlement and diffusion effects of indoor airflow reach a good level, which means that the parameter setting could provide a comfortable indoor thermal environment. The dimensionless number [Formula: see text] is a theoretically based tool in the pre-evaluation of indoor thermal environment, providing guidance for setting of ventilation design parameters.

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“…This method has been applied in previous research, which has mainly focused on the distribution of open windows and the influencing factors. 33 First, images of windows on the facade of the building were obtained with time lapse photography. However, due to the off-centre shooting position, obtaining an ideal picture was difficult.…”

Section: Sampling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid model for predicting window opening state in buildings based on non-intrusive monitoring

Liu

Zheng

et al. 2020

Indoor and Built Environment

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Window opening behaviour is one of the most important factors for indoor air environment. The traditional models for window opening behaviour rarely focus on the window opening proportion, which has an important effect on optimal design of natural ventilation. A hybrid model combining the logistic regression model with a probability distribution model was proposed to analyse the window state distribution. A non-intrusive window monitoring method was used to sample window states, and the required sample size was analysed based on a pilot study. The Box-Cox data transformation was employed to establish a normal distribution model for the probability distribution of window opening state, and explore the relationship between outdoor temperature and the probability density function (PDF). The study found that the outdoor temperature, relative humidity and PM2.5 concentration had a significant effect on window opening states, and the outdoor temperature had a higher prediction accuracy (86.7%) for the logistic regression model. For different outdoor temperature, the parameters of PDF for window opening state were different. The mean and variance of the PDF were highest when the outdoor temperature was 20°C–25°C. This study can help to improve effective design and utilization of natural ventilation.

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Non-intrusive measurement method for the window opening behavior

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

A review of select human-building interfaces and their relationship to human behavior, energy use and occupant comfort

A review of select human-building interfaces and their relationship to human behavior, energy use and occupant comfort

Quantitative investigations on setting parameters of air conditioning (air-supply speed and temperature) in ventilated cooling rooms

A hybrid model for predicting window opening state in buildings based on non-intrusive monitoring

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