Non-Hermitian dynamics and 
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-symmetry breaking in interacting mesoscopic Rydberg platforms

Lourenço, José A. S.; Higgins, Gerard; Zhang, Chi; Hennrich, Markus; Macrì, Tommaso

doi:10.1103/physreva.106.023309

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…For the Hermitian QMBS realized in the Rydberg-atom quantum simulator [45], the symmetric coupling between the ground state and the Rydberg state is induced by a two-photon process via an intermediate level. Recently, much effort has been devoted to realizing the non-Hermiticity in cold-atom platforms [55][56][57][58][59][60][61], notably the Rydberg atoms [58,59]. By tuning the coupling non-symmetrically [61], or by applying the imaginary magnetic field [62], our results are likely to be verified in recent experimental platforms or in future developed platforms.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Nevertheless, perfect Hermiticity can be broken down [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. The non-Hermiticity could either arise from the non-reciprocal process, such as the cold-atom platforms [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] with spontaneous decay or imaginary field, or introduced by the contact with thermal or nonthermal environments, namely the open quantum systems [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. Unlike the Hermitian systems, the study of the ergodicity breaking in many-body non-Hermitian systems remains in the early stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The insights into the scarred dynamics in an open system are also discussed. Our construction of the non-Hermitian QMBS might be probed via the newly developed measurement of the non-Hermiticity or future advanced techniques in ultracold-atom platforms [45,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weak ergodicity breaking in non-Hermitian many-body systems

Chen,

Zhu

2023

SciPost Phys.

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The recent discovery of persistent revivals in the Rydberg-atom quantum simulator has revealed a weakly ergodicity-breaking mechanism dubbed quantum many-body scars, which are a set of nonthermal states embedded in otherwise thermal spectra. Until now, such a mechanism has been mainly studied in Hermitian systems. Here, we establish the non-Hermitian quantum many-body scars and systematically characterize their nature from dynamic revivals, entanglement entropy, physical observables, and energy level statistics. Notably, we find the non-Hermitian quantum many-body scars exhibit significantly enhanced coherent revival dynamics when approaching the exceptional point. The signatures of non-Hermitian scars switch from the real-energy axis to the imaginary-energy axis after a real-to-complex spectrum transition driven by increasing non-Hermiticity, where an exceptional point and a quantum tricritical point emerge simultaneously. We further examine the stability of non-Hermitian quantum many-body scars against external fields, reveal the non-Hermitian quantum criticality and eventually set up the whole phase diagram. The possible connection to the open quantum many-body systems is also explored. Our findings offer insights for realizing long-lived coherent states in non-Hermitian many-body systems.

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Section: Summary and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weak ergodicity breaking in non-Hermitian many-body systems

Chen,

Zhu

2023

SciPost Phys.

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“…As such, we provide a realistic Floquet evolution protocol for observing the YLES and its associated non-unitary phase transition in a Rydberg chain, distinct from the observation of partition function zeroes in previous experiments [10][11][12]. Our proposal paves the way for future experimental observation of not just the YLES, but also other non-unitary phase transitions [82,[84][85][86][87].…”

Section: (B) Upon Obtaining γ ∞mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…4) is turned on to generate the transverse field ĤX (F ) = − j F σx j [46]. At the same time, a strong laser is shone on |↑ such as to excite it to another state 6P 3/2 , F = 5 , leading to effective laser-induced loss ĤZ (g) = j igσ z j with imaginary field/decay rate g [6,48,50,51,81,82].…”

Section: (B) Upon Obtaining γ ∞mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal for observing Yang-Lee criticality in Rydberg atomic arrays

Shen¹,

Chen²,

Qin³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Yang-Lee edge singularities (YLES) are the edges of the partition function zeros of an interacting spin model in the space of complex control parameters. They play an important role in understanding non-Hermitian phase transitions in many-body physics, as well as characterizing the corresponding non-unitary criticality. Even though such partition function zeroes have been measured in dynamical experiments where time acts as the imaginary control field, experimentally demonstrating such YLES criticality with a physical imaginary field has remained elusive due to the difficulty of physically realizing non-Hermitian many-body models. We provide a protocol for observing the YLES by detecting kinked dynamical magnetization responses due to broken PT symmetry, thus enabling the physical probing of non-unitary phase transitions in non-equilibrium settings. In particular, scaling analyses based on our non-unitary time evolution circuit with matrix product states (tMPS) accurately recover the exponents uniquely associated with the corresponding non-unitary CFT. We provide an explicit proposal for observing YLES criticality in Floquet quenched Rydberg atomic arrays with laser-induced loss, which paves the way towards an universal platform for simulating non-Hermitian many-body dynamical phenomena.

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